Open Access
Reflectance spectroscopy - Quantitative analysis techniques for remote sensing applications. [in planetary surface geology]
R. N. Clark,T. L. Roush +1 more
- 10 Jul 1984
1.6K
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared several methods for the analysis of remotely sensed reflectance data, including empirical methods and scattering theories, both of which are important for solving remote sensing problems.
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Abstract: Several methods for the analysis of remotely sensed reflectance data are compared, including empirical methods and scattering theories, both of which are important for solving remote sensing problems. The concept of the photon mean optical path length and the implications for use in modeling reflectance spectra are presented. It is shown that the mean optical path length in a particulate surface is in rough inverse proportion to the square root of the absorption coefficient. Thus, the stronger absorber a material is, the less photons will penetrate into the surface. The concept of apparent absorbance (-In reflectance) is presented, and it is shown that absorption bands, which are Gaussian in shape when plotted as absorption coefficient (true absorbance) versus photon energy, are also Gaussians in apparent absorbance. However, the Gaussians in apparent absorbance have a smaller intensity and a width which is a factor of √2 larger. An apparent continuum in a reflectance spectrum is modeled as a mathematical function used to isolate a particular absorption feature for analysis. It is shown that a continuum should be removed by dividing it into the reflectance spectrum or subtracting it from the apparent absorbance and that the fitting of Gaussians to absorption features should be done using apparent absorbance versus photon energy. Kubelka-Munk theory is only valid for materials with small total absorption and for bihemispherical reflectance, which are rarely encountered in geologic remote sensing. It is shown that the recently advocated bidirectional reflectance theories have the potential for use in deriving mineral abundance from a reflectance spectrum.
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Citations
Vertex component analysis: a fast algorithm to unmix hyperspectral data
TL;DR: A new method for unsupervised endmember extraction from hyperspectral data, termed vertex component analysis (VCA), which competes with state-of-the-art methods, with a computational complexity between one and two orders of magnitude lower than the best available method.
•Book
Remote sensing, models, and methods for image processing
Robert A. Schowengerdt
- 01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: The Nature of Remote Sensing: Introduction, Sensor Characteristics and Spectral Stastistics, and Spatial Transforms: Introduction.
2.6K
•Book
Theory of Reflectance and Emittance Spectroscopy
Bruce Hapke
- 04 Oct 2009
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of vector calculus and functions of a complex variable and Fraunhoffer diffraction by a circular hole, and a miscellany of bidirectional reflectances and related quantities.
2.2K
•Journal Article
Spectral unmixing
Nirmal Keshava,John F. Mustard +1 more
TL;DR: The outputs of spectral unmixing, endmember, and abundance estimates are important for identifying the material composition of mixtures and the applicability of models and techniques is highly dependent on the variety of circumstances and factors that give rise to mixed pixels.
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•Posted Content
Hyperspectral Unmixing Overview: Geometrical, Statistical, and Sparse Regression-Based Approaches
Jose M. Bioucas-Dias,Antonio Plaza,Nicolas Dobigeon,Mario Parente,Qian Du,Paul D. Gader,Jocelyn Chanussot +6 more
TL;DR: An overview of unmixing methods from the time of Keshava and Mustard's tutorial as mentioned in this paper to the present can be found in Section 2.2.1].
1.8K
References
Bidirectional reflectance spectroscopy: 1. Theory
TL;DR: In this article, an approximate analytic solution for the radiative transfer equation describing particulate surface light scattering, taking into account multiple scattering and mutual shadowing, was derived for the interpretation of reflectance spectroscopy of laboratory surfaces and the photometry of solar system objects.
2K
•Book
Mineralogical applications of crystal field theory
Roger G. Burns
- 01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: The second edition of this classic book as discussed by the authors provides an updated look at crystal field theory and its applications and highlights the properties of minerals that make them compounds of interest to solid-state chemists and physicists as well as to all earth and planetary scientists.
1.4K
Bidirectional reflectance spectroscopy 3. Correction for macroscopic roughness
TL;DR: In this article, a mathematically rigorous formalism is derived by which an arbitrary photometric function for the bidirectional reflectance of a smooth surface may be corrected to include effects of general macroscopic roughness.
1.3K
Spectral signatures of particulate minerals in the visible and near infrared
TL;DR: The utility of multispectral remote sensing techniques for discriminating among materials is based on the differences that exist among their spectral properties as distinct from spectral variations that occur as a consequence of target condition and environmental factors, intrinsic spectral features that appear in the form of bands and slopes in the visible and near infrared (325 to 25 μm) bidirectional reflection spectra of minerals as mentioned in this paper.
1.3K
Infrared optical properties of water and ice spheres
TL;DR: In this article, the IR absorption coefficient, reflectivity and complex index of refraction of ice and water spheres, calculating single scattering albedo, asymmetry factor and extinction cross section are calculated.
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