Recovery from experimental rabies by adoptive transfer of immune cells
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that both B and T lymphocytes are required for optimum clearance of rabies from the central nervous system (CNS) and suggests a functional role for rabies-specific CTL in vivo.
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Abstract: The transient, sublethal infection produced by intracerebral inoculation of the Flury high egg passage (HEP) strain of rabies virus into adult mice was converted into a lethal one (approx. 80 to 100% mortality) by administering 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CY) 2 days after infection. Immunosuppressed, infected animals showed no immunological response to rabies and died 15 to 20 days after infection. However, mortality was reduced to 12% when suppressed mice were adoptively immunized, 4 days after infection, with an intravenous injection of 60 X 10(6) spleen cells from rabies-immune syngeneic donors. The lymphocytes obtained early after donor immunization (4 to 11 days) reduced mortality, whereas those obtained late (16 to 32 days after immunization) were not effective. The ability of donor cells to protect animals corresponded very closely with donor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. Within 4 days after immune cell transfer, serum neutralizing antibody and CTL levels in recipients were comparable to those found in virus-infected control animals. Immune donor cells were fractionated into thymus-derived (T-enriched) and bone marrow-derived (B-enriched) subsets. The T and B subsets reduced mortality to 32% and 34% respectively. CTL and serum neutralizing antibody responses could be detected in these animals, although they appeared later than in mice treated with unfractionated immune spleen cells. The present study demonstrates that both B and T lymphocytes are required for optimum clearance of rabies from the central nervous system (CNS) and suggests a functional role for rabies-specific CTL in vivo.
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Citations
Delineation of putative mechanisms involved in antibody-mediated clearance of rabies virus from the central nervous system.
Bernhard Dietzschold,Moujahed Kao,Yong Mu Zheng,Zhen Yu Chen,Gerd G. Maul,Zheng Fang Fu,Charles E. Rupprecht,Hilary Koprowski +7 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesize that an antibody may exert its inhibitory activity even after uptake by the cell and that post-exposure treatment of rats with a mAb that inhibited both virus spread and virus RNA transcription in vitro resulted in viral clearance from the central nervous system and protected the animals against a lethal rabies virus infection.
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Induction of rabies virus-specific T-helper cells by synthetic peptides that carry dominant T-helper cell epitopes of the viral ribonucleoprotein.
Hildegund C.J. Ertl,Bernhard Dietzschold,M. Gore,Laszlo Otvos,Jovi K. Larson,William H. Wunner,Hilary Koprowski +6 more
TL;DR: Inoculation of mice with peptides bearing immunodominant T-helper cell epitopes resulted in an accelerated and enhanced neutralizing antibody response upon booster immunization with inactivated rabies virus.
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Immune response to rabies vaccine in Thai dogs: a preliminary report.
Weera Tepsumethanon,Chaiyaporn Polsuwan,Boonlert Lumlertdaecha,Phakamatz Khawplod,Thiravat Hemachudha,Supawat Chutivongse,Henry Wilde,Montri Chiewbamrungkiat,Praphan Phanuphak +8 more
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Electrophysiological and sleep alterations in experimental mouse rabies
TL;DR: These studies show that particular neuronal functions are impaired during rabies virus infection suggesting that neuronal alterations may be involved in the pathogenic mechanisms leading to lethality.
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Paralysis of street rabies virus-infected mice is dependent on T lymphocytes.
Masami Sugamata,Masaaki Miyazawa,Shiro Mori,Gerald J. Spangrude,Larry C. Ewalt,Donald L. Lodmell +5 more
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