Journal Article10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.08.292
Realistic accelerated stress tests for PEM fuel cells: Test procedure development based on standardized automotive driving cycles
Paul Thiele,Yue Yang,Steffen Dirkes,Maximilian Kurt Wick,Stefan Pischinger +4 more
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TL;DR: Researchers developed a realistic accelerated stress test for proton exchange membrane fuel cells, simulating automotive driving cycles, and found degradation rates of up to 452 μV h−1, likely caused by Pt dissolution, carbon corrosion, and PTFE loss.
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Abstract: A realistic accelerated stress test (AST) was derived by applying the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle on a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) electric vehicle to analyze degradation mechanisms in fuel cells used in automotive applications. Two commercial PEMFC stacks were tested using the AST profile at different air inlet relative humidities (50% and 70%). After 173.5 h, the tested cells show degradation rates of up to 452 μV h−1 (after 147.5 h 247 μV h−1 for the second stack) at 1.0 A cm−2. Neither open circuit voltage nor high frequency resistance clearly indicate membrane degradation. Increased activation overpotential and mass transport resistance are observed, likely caused by Pt dissolution and/or agglomeration, carbon corrosion and PTFE loss. No significant correlation between air humidity and degradation is observed. The results show the method's ability to accelerate degradation while improving the result transferability of ASTs to real applications. It is adaptable and therefore applicable for other cycles and applications.
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Citations
Adaptive state-of-health temperature sensitivity characteristics for durability improvement of PEM fuel cells
Xin Ming Tang,Mingyang Yang,Lei Shi,Zhongjun Hou,Sichuan Xu,Chuanyu Sun +5 more
TL;DR: Researchers develop an adaptive state-of-health model for PEM fuel cells, analyzing temperature sensitivity and internal gas concentration characteristics to optimize operating temperature and ensure efficient, stable operation under varying degradation levels.
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Mass transfer capacity degradation of gas diffusion layer under 1000 hours real-world heavy duty load cycles
Yutao Lian,Weibo Zheng,Caizheng Yue,Sen Han,Pingwen Ming +4 more
TL;DR: This study investigates GDL degradation under 1000-hour heavy-duty load cycles, revealing carbon filler loss, corrosion, and hydrophobicity loss as primary factors, leading to reduced mechanical strength, altered pore structure, and increased mass transfer impedance in PEMFCs.
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Experimental and numerical investigations of high-temperature PEM fuel cells under different anode dilution levels and varying temperatures
Mengfan Zhou,Johann Cyprian Feistner,Na Li,Samuel Simon Araya,Giovanni Cinti,Vincenzo Liso +5 more
TL;DR: High-temperature PEM fuel cell performance is negatively impacted by nitrogen dilution in the anode gas mixture. Higher temperatures can mitigate this effect.
4
Dynamic bolt forces during cold starts and drying processes of a PEM fuel cell
Maximilian Schmitz,Stefan Pischinger +1 more
TL;DR: This study analyzes dynamic bolt forces during PEM fuel cell cold starts and drying processes, revealing significant force increases during cold starts and decreases during drying, with residual water content in membranes qualitatively derivable from tie rod forces.
1
Analyzing local degradation in an industrial PEMFC under EPA US06 drive cycle via 3D-CFD
Maximilian Haslinger,Thomas Lauer +1 more
TL;DR: This study uses 3D-CFD modeling to analyze local degradation in an industrial PEMFC under EPA US06 drive cycle, revealing significant variations in hydrogen peroxide concentration and Pt/C catalyst decomposition influenced by humidity and temperature.
1
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Review: Durability and degradation issues of PEM fuel cell components
TL;DR: In this article, the degradation mechanisms of membranes, electrodes, bipolar plates and seals of PEM fuel cells were evaluated under constant load conditions, at a relative humidity close to 100% and at a temperature of maximum 75°C, using optimal stack and flow design.
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Temperature Dependence of the Electrode Kinetics of Oxygen Reduction at the Platinum/Nafion® Interface—A Microelectrode Investigation
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