Prostate cancer biomarkers: Are we hitting the mark?
Shannon McGrath,Daniel Christidis,Marlon Perera,Sung Kyu Hong,Todd G Manning,Ian Vela,Ian Vela,Nathan Lawrentschuk,Nathan Lawrentschuk +8 more
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TL;DR: A combination of serum and urinary biomarkers appears to provide superior sensitivity and specificity profiles compared to traditional diagnostic approaches for prostate cancer diagnosis, and appears to increase the sensitivity and sensitivity of diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Abstract: Purpose Localised prostate cancer diagnosis and management is increasingly complex due to its heterogeneous progression and prognostic subgroups. Pitfalls in current screening and diagnosis have prompted the search for accurate and invasive molecular and genetic biomarkers for prostate cancer. Such tools may be able to distinguish clinically significant cancers from less aggressive variants to assist with prostate cancer risk stratification and guide decisions and healthcare algorithms. We aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the current prostate cancer biomarkers available and in development. Methods MEDLINE and EMBASE databases searches were conducted to identify articles pertaining to the use of novel biomarkers for prostate cancer. Results A growing number of novel biomarkers are currently under investigation. Such markers include urinary biomarkers, serology-based markers or pathological tissue assessments of molecular and genetic markers. While limited clinical data is present for analysis, early results appear promising. Specifically, a combination of serum and urinary biomarkers (Serum PSA + Urinary PCA3 + Urinary TMPRSS2-ERG fusion) appears to provide superior sensitivity and specificity profiles compared to traditional diagnostic approaches (AUC 0.88). Conclusion The accurate diagnosis and risk stratification of prostate cancer is critical to ensure appropriate intervention. The development of non-invasive biomarkers can add to the information provided by current screening practices and allows for individualised risk stratification of patients. The use of these biomarkers appears to increase the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of prostate cancer. Further studies are necessary to define the appropriate use and time points of each biomarker and their effect on the management algorithm of prostate cancer.
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Biomarkers for prostate cancer: prostate-specific antigen and beyond
TL;DR: The role of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in screening asymptomatic men for prostate cancer is controversial as mentioned in this paper, and several new biomarkers supplementing the role of PSA have become available for men with prostate cancer.
A Plasma Biomarker Panel of Four MicroRNAs for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer.
Farhana Matin,Farhana Matin,Varinder Jeet,Varinder Jeet,Leire Moya,Leire Moya,Luke A. Selth,Suzanne K. Chambers,Judith A. Clements,Judith A. Clements,Jyotsna Batra,Jyotsna Batra +11 more
TL;DR: A four miRNA panel, including miR-152-3p which likely targets genes with key roles in prostate cancer pathogenesis, has the potential to improve early prostate cancer diagnosis.
New biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of localized prostate cancer.
Dimitry A. Chistiakov,Veronika A. Myasoedova,Andrey V. Grechko,Alexandra A. Melnichenko,Alexander N. Orekhov +4 more
TL;DR: Diagnostic performance of markers such as proPSA and prostate specific antigen 3 (PCA3) (a part of the PCA3 Progensa test) are characterized and their diagnostic and prognostic utility for prostate cancer is characterized.
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Plasma MicroRNA as a novel diagnostic.
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Highly sensitive impedimetric immunosensor for determination of interleukin 6 as a cancer biomarker by using conjugated polymer containing epoxy side groups modified disposable ITO electrode.
TL;DR: The proposed impedimetric immunosensor was applied successfully to quantify for the IL 6 biomarker in human serum and it displayed a remarkable response in the real sample analysis with serum samples.
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The long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 promotes aggressive prostate cancer and antagonizes the SWI/SNF complex
John R. Prensner,Matthew K. Iyer,Anirban Sahu,Irfan A. Asangani,Qi Cao,Lalit Patel,Ismael A. Vergara,Elai Davicioni,Nicholas Erho,Mercedeh Ghadessi,Robert B. Jenkins,Timothy J. Triche,Rohit Malik,Rachel Bedenis,Natalie McGregor,Teng Ma,Wei Chen,Sumin Han,Xiaojun Jing,Xuhong Cao,Xiaoju Wang,Benjamin C. Chandler,Wei Yan,Javed Siddiqui,Lakshmi P. Kunju,Saravana M. Dhanasekaran,Kenneth J. Pienta,Felix Y. Feng,Arul M. Chinnaiyan +28 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that SChLAP1 contributes to the development of lethal cancer at least in part by antagonizing the tumor-suppressive functions of the SWI/SNF complex.
A 17-gene Assay to Predict Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness in the Context of Gleason Grade Heterogeneity, Tumor Multifocality, and Biopsy Undersampling
Eric A. Klein,Matthew R. Cooperberg,Cristina Magi-Galluzzi,Jeffry P. Simko,Sara M. Falzarano,Tara Maddala,June M. Chan,Jianbo Li,Janet E. Cowan,Athanasios C. Tsiatis,Diana B. Cherbavaz,Robert J. Pelham,Imelda Tenggara-Hunter,Frederick L. Baehner,Dejan Knezevic,Phillip G. Febbo,Steven Shak,Michael W. Kattan,Mark Lee,Peter R. Carroll +19 more
TL;DR: GPS was validated for its ability to predict men who have high-grade or high-stage PCa at diagnosis and may help men diagnosed with PCa decide between active surveillance and immediate definitive treatment.
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