Book Chapter10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62210-X
Programmed Cell Death in Development
199
TL;DR: The morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis, and some methods for its detection in tissues, are described, as well as selected examples in vertebrate development.
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Abstract: Although cell death has long been recognized to be a significant element in the process of embryonic morphogenesis, its relationships to differentiation and its mechanisms are only now becoming apparent. This new appreciation has come about not only through advances in the understanding of cell death in parallel immunological and pathological situations, but also through progress in developmental genetics which has revealed the roles played by death in the cell lineages of invertebrate embryos. In this review, we discuss programmed cell death as it is understood in developmental situations, and its relationship to apoptosis. We describe the morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis, and some methods for its detection in tissues. The occurrence of programmed cell death during invertebrate development is reviewed, as well as selected examples in vertebrate development. In particular, we discuss cell death in the early vertebrate embryo, in limb development, and in the nervous system.
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Citations
Morphological and biochemical aspects of apoptosis, oncosis and necrosis.
S Van Cruchten,W. Van den Broeck +1 more
TL;DR: A review of the different methods used for detecting apoptotic cells demonstrates that most of these techniques are not entirely specific.
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In situ detection of apoptotic nuclei in the substantia nigra compacta of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated mice using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase labelling and acridine orange staining.
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Apoptosis during mouse blastocyst formation: evidence for a role for survival factors including transforming growth factor alpha.
TL;DR: Results of these experiments suggest that endogenously produced growth factors may function as cell survival factors during preimplantation development.
Adaptive roles of programmed cell death during nervous system development.
TL;DR: The programmed cell death of developing cells is considered an essential adaptive process that evolved to serve diverse roles and perturb (inhibit) PCD is reviewed to determine the possible repercussions for nervous system development and function.
409
Endothelial apoptosis in Braf-deficient mice
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TL;DR: It is shown that mice with a targeted disruption in the Braf gene die of vascular defects during mid-gestation, and this work provides the first genetic evidence for an essential role of a Raf gene in the regulation of programmed cell death.
338
References
Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics.
TL;DR: Apoptosis seems to be involved in cell turnover in many healthy adult tissues and is responsible for focal elimination of cells during normal embryonic development, and participates in at least some types of therapeutically induced tumour regression.
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Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation.
TL;DR: The extent of tissue-PCD revealed by this method is considerably greater than apoptosis detected by nuclear morphology, and thus opens the way for a variety of studies.
Cell death : the significance of apoptosis
TL;DR: It has proved feasible to categorize most if not all dying cells into one or the other of two discrete and distinctive patterns of morphological change, which have, generally, been found to occur under disparate but individually characteristic circumstances.
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Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation
TL;DR: It is shown here that this morphological change is closely associated with excision of nucleosome chains from nuclear chromatin, apparently through activation of an intracellular, but non-lysosomal, endonuclease.
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Disruption of epithelial cell-matrix interactions induces apoptosis
Steven M. Frisch,Hunter Francis +1 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that apoptosis was induced by disruption of the interactions between normal epithelial cells and extracellular matrix, and the circumvention of anoikis accompanies the acquisition of anchorage independence or cell motility.