Profiles in Brain Type in Programming Performance for Non-vocational Courses

TL;DR: This study analyses the relationship between cognitive styles, inside the theoretical framework of the empathizing–systemizing (E–S) theory, and performance, and considers the role of sex, using a cluster analysis.

Abstract: Learning a programming language and solving problems in an algorithmic way is a hard task for many students. A better comprehension of the psychological characteristics involved in this process is needed to reduce these difficulties, implementing teaching methodologies sensitive to these aspects. In this study, we analyse the relationship between cognitive styles, inside the theoretical framework of the empathizing–systemizing (E–S) theory, and performance, also considering the role of sex. In fact, E-S theory states the difference in male and female mind, the first one more empathy-oriented, the second one more oriented at understanding systems. A sample of 56 students attending a course of programming in an Applied Mathematics with a relevant practical activity enhanced with a submission system and supported by a few tutors was involved in the study. We defined profiles of students based on their scores in EQ and SQ, and on their sex, using a cluster analysis. 4 clusters were found: 1. female students with low level of SQ and high level of EQ; 2. female students with high level of both SQ and EQ; 3. male students, with low level of EQ and high level of; 4. male students with low level of both SQ and EQ. A first exploration of the relation of profiles with the learning performance is described.