Pathophysiology of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Benign Prostatic Enlargement: A Mini-Review.
TL;DR: A better understanding of the pathophysiology of BPH/BPE is a prerequisite for the development of novel, more effective medical treatment options.
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Abstract: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) belong to the most frequent diseases in ageing men. Beyond the 6th decade of life, more than 30% of men suffer from moderate to severe LUTS requiring intervention. The pathophysiology of BPH/BPE is still incompletely understood. The dominant role of the androgen system and the androgen receptor is well defined. Androgen receptors are expressed in BPH tissue in which they are activated by the potent androgen dihydrotestosterone. Synthesis of dihydrotestosterone is under control of the 5α-reductase enzyme, activity of which is antagonized by finasteride and dutasteride. More recently, the impact of prostatic inflammation and metabolic parameters particularly for the development of BPE and LUTS has increasingly been recognized. A better understanding of the pathophysiology is a prerequisite for the development of novel, more effective medical treatment options.
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Citations
Is COVID-19 a risk factor for progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia and exacerbation of its related symptoms?: a systematic review.
Abdolreza Haghpanah,Fatemeh Masjedi,Mehdi Salehipour,Alireza Hosseinpour,Jamshid Roozbeh,Anahita Dehghani +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the potential mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in targeting the prostate gland, leading to exacerbation of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms and greater risks of BPH complications such as acute urinary retention.
Animal models of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Junjie Zhang,Mengda Zhang,Jin Tang,Guangming Yin,Zhi Long,Leye He,Chuanchi zhou,Lufeng luo,Lin Qi,Long Wang +9 more
TL;DR: The present status quo for animal models of B PH is outlined, comparing the pros and cons with respect to their ability to mimic the etiological, histological, and clinical hallmarks of BPH and their applicability for future research is discussed.
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Depressive males have higher odds of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study based on propensity score matching.
TL;DR: In this paper, a retrospective cohort study based on propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted by analyzing the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study dataset after data cleaning, a total of 5125 participants were enrolled and subjected to PSM; 1351 pairs were matched and followed for 2 years.
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Serenoa repens and urtica dioica fixed combination: In-vitro validation of a therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph)
Miriam Saponaro,Isabella Giacomini,Giulia Morandin,Veronica Cocetta,Eugenio Ragazzi,Genny Orso,Ilaria Carnevali,Massimiliano Berretta,Mariangela Mancini,Francesco Pagano,Monica Montopoli +10 more
TL;DR: Evaluating the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of a combined formulation of Serenoa repens and Urtica dioica in an in vitro human model of BPH suggested a promising role of SR/UD in BPH and BPH-linked disorder prevention.
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The Circadian Syndrome Predicts Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Better Than Metabolic Syndrome in Aging Males: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors used Logistic Regression to examine the relationship between CircS, MetS and LUTS/BPH, and the DeLong test was used to test the disparities of area under curves (AUC).
References
Metabolic Factors Associated with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
J. Kellogg Parsons,H. Ballentine Carter,Alan W. Partin,B. Gwen Windham,E. Jeffrey Metter,Luigi Ferrucci,Patricia Landis,Elizabeth A. Platz +7 more
TL;DR: Obesity, elevated fasting plasma glucose, and diabetes are risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Androgens and estrogens in benign prostatic hyperplasia: past, present and future.
TL;DR: More work is needed to identify estrogens and associated signaling pathways in BPH in order to target BPH with dietary and therapeutic SERMs, and demonstrate that estrogen receptor signaling pathways may be important in the development and maintenance of BPH and LUTS.
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•Journal Article
Role of Inflammation in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
TL;DR: This article reviews the recent literature on inflammation leading to chronic prostatic diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, and several proposed mechanisms that lead to both the intrinsic and extrinsic basis of inflammation.
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Future Direction in Pharmacotherapy for Non-neurogenic Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Roberto Soler,Karl-Erik Andersson,Michael B. Chancellor,Christopher R. Chapple,William C. de Groat,Marcus J. Drake,Christian Gratzke,Richard K. Lee,Francisco Cruz +8 more
TL;DR: New pathophysiologic mechanisms of male LUTS are described that lead to the continuous development of new pharmacotherapies that are supported by clinical or experimental evidence in the field.
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Chronic Prostate Inflammation Predicts Symptom Progression in Patients with Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain
TL;DR: Investigation of the 4‐year longitudinal association between histological prostate inflammation and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men randomized to placebo in the REDUCE population found inflammation is not associated with an increased risk of chronic prostate cancer and chronic prostate pain syndrome, but chronic inflammation predicts the risk of symptomatic progression in men in whom chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index symptoms have been identified.
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