Journal Article10.1038/NRM2084
Palmitoylation: policing protein stability and traffic
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TL;DR: Recent studies that have provided insights into the mechanisms that mediate the functional consequences of palmitate are reviewed.
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Abstract: Palmitate modifies both peripheral and integral membrane proteins and its addition can be permanent or transient, which makes it unique among the lipid modifications of proteins. The presence of palmitate on a protein affects how the protein interacts with lipids and proteins in a membrane compartment, and the reversibility of palmitoylation allows different modes of trafficking between membrane compartments. Here, we review recent studies that have provided insights into the mechanisms that mediate the functional consequences of this versatile modification.
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Citations
Analysis of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 4 (FHL-4) Mutant Proteins Reveals that S-Acylation Is Required for the Function of Syntaxin 11 in Natural Killer Cells
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the C-terminal cysteine rich region of syntaxin 11, which is deleted in the FHL-4 mutants, is S-acylated, and this posttranslational modification is required for the membrane association ofntaxin 11 and for its polarization to the immunological synapse in NK cells conjugated to target cells.
2-Bromopalmitate modulates neuronal differentiation through the regulation of histone acetylation.
TL;DR: The results established a direct link between palmitoylation and the regulation of neural cell fate specification and revealed the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that are involved in the effects of palmitoyslation during neural development.
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Two Distinct Binding Modes Define the Interaction of Brox with the C-Terminal Tails of CHMP5 and CHMP4B.
Ruiling Mu,Vincent Dussupt,Jiansheng Jiang,Paola Sette,Victoria Rudd,Watchalee Chuenchor,Nana F. Bello,Fadila Bouamr,Tsan Sam Xiao +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that hydrophobic residues at the CHMP4B C-terminal amphipathic α helix bind a concave surface of Brox, a mammalian paralog of Alix, and insights are provided into the overlapping but distinct binding profiles of ESCRT-III and the Bro1 domain proteins.
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Identification of Giardia lamblia DHHC proteins and the role of protein S-palmitoylation in the encystation process.
TL;DR: The presence of DHHC proteins in the protozoa parasite Giardia lamblia and the function of the reversible S-palmitoylation of proteins during parasite differentiation into cyst are analyzed.
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Site-Specific Lipidation Enhances IFITM3 Membrane Interactions and Antiviral Activity.
Emma H. Garst,Hwayoung Lee,Tandrila Das,Shibani Bhattacharya,Avital Percher,Rafal P. Wiewiora,Isaac P. Witte,Yumeng Li,Tao Peng,Wonpil Im,Howard C. Hang,Howard C. Hang +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, site-specific lipidation of cysteine 72 enhances the antiviral activity of interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) by modulating its conformation and interaction with lipid membranes.
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