Journal Article10.1016/J.MOLCATB.2015.06.006
Oxidation with galactose oxidase: Multifunctional enzymatic catalysis
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TL;DR: The various mono-, oligo- and polysaccharide derivatives that have been synthesized by galactose oxidase-catalyzed reactions, and the several either qualitative or quantitative analytical techniques utilized to follow of the reaction, determine the conversion, and identify the products are reviewed.
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Abstract: Galactose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.9) is a single copper metalloenzyme, having a molecular weight of 65–68 kDa. Galactose oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of primary alcohols to corresponding aldehydes with strict regioselectivity, and the selectivity is high for the galactose C-6 primary hydroxyl group. The oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds is one of the most important reactions in synthetic chemistry, thus enzymatic biocatalysis requiring only molecular oxygen as an oxidant is a valuable alternative to chemical reagents. We review here the various mono-, oligo- and polysaccharide derivatives that have been synthesized by galactose oxidase-catalyzed reactions, and the several either qualitative or quantitative analytical techniques utilized to follow of the reaction, determine the conversion, and identify the products. The optimal reaction conditions, the formation of side products, and the oxidation of substrates other than carbohydrates are discussed. Finally, we summarize engineering efforts of galactose oxidase that have improved recombinant enzyme expression and yield, or altered substrate specificity.
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Citations
Extraction, characterization and antioxidant activity of mycelial polysaccharides from Paecilomyces hepiali HN1.
Zhongwei Wu,Mingxia Zhang,Minhao Xie,Zhuqing Dai,Xiaoqing Wang,Bing Hu,Hong Ye,Xiaoxiong Zeng +7 more
TL;DR: It was demonstrated that PHMPs had a significant protective effect against oxidative stress induced by d-galactose in mice, as evident by higher activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and level of total antioxidant capacity.
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Colorimetric Quantification of Galactose using Nanostructured Multi-catalyst System Entrapping Galactose Oxidase and Magnetic Nanoparticles as Peroxidase Mimetics
Moon Il Kim,Jongmin Shim,Kwan Woo Park,Taihua Li,Min-Ah Woo,Dae Yeon Cho,Jinwoo Lee,Hyun Gyu Park +7 more
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TL;DR: The multi-catalyst system entrapping Gal Ox and MNPs represents a new approach for rapid, convenient, and cost-effective quantification of galactose in human blood and it holds promise as an alternative method for galactOSEmia diagnosis, replacing the laborious procedures that are currently in use.
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Structure and mechanism of galactose oxidase. The free radical site.
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TL;DR: The development of a high level heterologous expression system for galactose oxidase and the construction of mutational variants at these key active site residues are described and establish that the thioether bond and stacking tryptophan are essential for activity and further support a role for tryPTophan 290 as a component of the free radical site.
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