Optimizing number squeezing when splitting a mesoscopic condensate
TL;DR: In this article, the authors apply optimal control theory to a mesoscopic Bose-Einstein condensate to identify a form of the splitting ramp, which drastically outperforms the adiabatic splitting.
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Abstract: We optimize number squeezing when splitting a mesoscopic Bose-Einstein condensate. Applying optimal control theory to a realistic description of the condensate allowed us to identify a form of the splitting ramp, which drastically outperforms the adiabatic splitting. The results can be interpreted in terms of a generic two-mode model mapped onto a parametric harmonic oscillator. This optimal route to squeezing paves the way to a much longer phase coherence and atom interferometry close to the Heisenberg limit.
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