Oomycete Diseases
Katherine J. Hayden,Giles E. St J. Hardy,Matteo Garbelotto +2 more
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TL;DR: This chapter reviews the epidemiology and management of oomycete diseases, focusing on Pythium and Phytophthora, covering pathogen distribution, detection methods, infection biology, and control strategies including avoidance, exclusion, and integrated methods.
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Abstract: The most important oomycete forest pathogens comprise two genera: Pythium and Phytophthora. This chapter focuses on the epidemiology and management of oomycete diseases. Information is given on the pathogen distribution, host range, detection methods (including PCR-based) and infection biology, as well as management strategies and tactics, which include avoidance, exclusion, eradication, protection (such as use of fungicides and composts), genetic resistance and integrated method of control.
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Citations
Pathways to false positive diagnoses using molecular genetic detection methods; Phytophthora cinnamomi a case study
TL;DR: This study tested purported P. cinnamomi species‐specific primer sets against 11 other species from clade 7 and determined their specificity, and demonstrated the importance of testing primers against closely related species within the same clade, and not just other specieswithin the same genus.
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Different community compositions between obligate and facultative oomycete plant parasites in a landscape-scale metabarcoding survey
TL;DR: A baseline of the diversity and distribution of soil oomycetes, classified by lifestyles (biotrophy), at the landscape scale in temperate grassland and forest, is provided, suggesting different ecological requirements of these two lifestyles.
References
Occurrence and distribution of Phytophthora species in European chestnut stands, and their association with Ink Disease and crown decline
TL;DR: Investigation of the Phytophthora complex associated with Castanea sativa Mill in five European countries provides useful information for modeling the probability of Ink Disease, crown decline and associated Phytophile species in chestnut groves in global climatic change scenarios.
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Phytophthora multivora sp. nov., a new species recovered from declining Eucalyptus, Banksia, Agonis and other plant species in Western Australia
Peter Scott,Treena I. Burgess,Paul A. Barber,B.L. Shearer,M.J.C. Stukely,G.E.St.J. Hardy,Thomas Jung +6 more
TL;DR: A new Phytophthora species, isolated from rhizosphere soil of declining or dead trees of Eucalyptus gomphocephala, E. marginata, Agonis flexuosa, and another 13 plant species, and from fine roots of E. marginsata, phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and cox1 gene regions demonstrate that P. multivora is unique.
Detection and quantification of Phytophthora ramorum, P. kernoviae, P. citricola and P. quercina in symptomatic leaves by multiplex real-time PCR
TL;DR: The real-time multiplex PCR approach, combined with a rapid procedure for DNA extraction, proved to be rapid, reliable, sensitive and cost effective as multiple pathogens were detected within the same plant extract by using different primer/probe combinations.
167
Defence responses induced by potassium phosphonate in Phytophthora palmivora-challenged Arabidopsis thaliana
Rosalie Daniel,David Guest +1 more
TL;DR: In phosphonate-treated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings inoculated with zoospores of Phytophthora palmivora, the presence of Mn(III)-desferal, a treatment that quenches superoxide release, abolishes hypersensitive cell death and facilitates pathogen development in phosphonates-treated plants, indicates that pathogen inhibition is a consequence ofsuperoxide release rather than direct inhibition due to phosphate.
166
False-negative isolations or absence of lesions may cause mis-diagnosis of diseased plants infected with Phytophthora cinnamomi
TL;DR: Tissue samples from living clonal Eucalyptus marginata were incubated immediately after sampling on agar (NARPH) selective for Phytophthora and the behaviour of the pathogen indicates that it could be present as dormant structures, such as chlamydospores, that need to be induced to germinate.