On empirically equivalent systems of the world

TL;DR: The authors argue that anti-exceptionalism about logic provides an epistemic challenge to both the closure and the equivalence claims, while logical realism provides a metaphysical challenge to the closure.

TL;DR: Cosmology in different gravitational theories is equivalent and conventional.

TL;DR: In this paper, a more elaborate consideration was given to the relativistic doctrine: its definitions, opposing other doctrines and diverse orientations, and the issue of harmonizing relativism with multiperspectivism of science.

TL;DR: According to W. V. Quine as mentioned in this paper, science advocates a physicalist ontology and an empiricist epistemology, and Quine's ontological physicalism includes the abstract objects of mathematics, such as numbers or sets.