Nutrition, Genetics, and Cardiovascular Disease
TL;DR: Recent advances in research into dietary and genetic risk factors, gene–diet interactions, and mendelian randomization with regard to CVD risk are presented.
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Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Risk of CVD is determined by genetic and environmental factors. Numerous dietary factors have been linked to CVD beyond the conventional risk factors. In the past few years, genome-wide association studies have also identified more than 30 genomic loci that determine the susceptibility to cardiovascular events. Genetic background may interact with habitual dietary compositions in predisposition to CVD. In this context, large-scale studies of gene–diet interaction in prospective cohorts or randomized intervention trials have emerged to integrate genetic and dietary risk factors in predicting cardiovascular risk. The use of genetic variants to estimate a causal effect between dietary factors and CVD, namely mendelian randomization analysis, has also been considered in the nutritional epidemiology field. The purpose of this review is to present recent advances in research into dietary and genetic risk factors, gene–diet interactions, and mendelian randomization with regard to CVD risk.
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Citations
A Genome-Wide Screen for Interactions Reveals a New Locus on 4p15 Modifying the Effect of Waist-to-Hip Ratio on Total Cholesterol
Ida Surakka,Aaron Isaacs,Lennart C. Karssen,Pirkka-Pekka Laurila,Rita P. S. Middelberg,Emmi Tikkanen,Janina S. Ried,Claudia Lamina,Massimo Mangino,Wilmar Igl,Jouke-Jan Hottenga,Vasiliki Lagou,Pim van der Harst,Irene Mateo Leach,Tõnu Esko,Zoltán Kutalik,Nicholas W.J. Wainwright,Maksim Struchalin,Antti-Pekka Sarin,Antti J. Kangas,Jorma Viikari,Markus Perola,Taina Rantanen,Ann-Kristin Petersen,Pasi Soininen,Åsa Johansson,Nicole Soranzo,Andrew Heath,Theodore Papamarkou,Inga Prokopenko,Anke Toenjes,Florian Kronenberg,Angela Doering,Fernando Rivadeneira,Grant W. Montgomery,John Whitfield,Mika Kähönen,Terho Lehtimäki,Nelson B. Freimer,Gonneke Willemsen,Eco J. C. de Geus,Aarno Palotie,M. S. Sandhu,Dawn M. Waterworth,Andres Metspalu,Michael Stumvoll,André G. Uitterlinden,Antti Jula,Gerjan Navis,Cisca Wijmenga,Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel,Marja-Riitta Taskinen,Mika Ala-Korpela,Jaakko Kaprio,Kirsten Ohm Kyvik,Dorret I. Boomsma,Nancy L. Pedersen,Ulf Gyllensten,James F. Wilson,Igor Rudan,Harry Campbell,Peter P. Pramstaller,Tim D. Spector,Jacqueline C.M. Witteman,Johan G. Eriksson,Veikko Salomaa,Ben A. Oostra,Olli T. Raitakari,H.-Erich Wichmann,Christian Gieger,Marjo-Riitta Järvelin,Nicholas G. Martin,Albert Hofman,Mark I. McCarthy,Leena Peltonen,Cornelia M. van Duijn,Yurii S. Aulchenko,Samuli Ripatti +77 more
- 01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The findings may open up possibilities for targeted intervention strategies for people characterized by specific genomic profiles, but more refined measures of both body-fat distribution and metabolic measures are needed to understand how their joint dynamics are modified by the newly found locus.
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Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease
TL;DR: There is a need for better approaches to achieve precision in dietary data collection and streamline computational approaches for meaningful and effective nutritional interventions.
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TL;DR: Genome-wide association studies have identified 11 common variants convincingly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), a modest number considering the apparent heritability of CAD(8) as mentioned in this paper.
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- 15 Feb 2011
TL;DR: Human genetic data indicate that C reactive protein concentration itself is unlikely to be even a modest causal factor in coronary heart disease.
Major risk factors as antecedents of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease events
TL;DR: Antecedent major CHD risk factor exposures were very common among those who developed CHD, emphasizing the importance of considering all major risk factors in determiningCHD risk estimation and in attempting to prevent clinical CHD.
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