Notochord repression of endodermal Sonic hedgehog permits pancreas development
TL;DR: Activin-betaB and FGF2 are identified as notochord factors that can repress endodermal SHH and thereby permit expression of pancreas genes including Pdx1 and insulin.
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Abstract: Notochord signals to the endoderm are required for development of the chick dorsal pancreas. Sonic hedgehog (SHH) is normally absent from pancreatic endoderm, and we provide evidence that notochord, in contrast to its effects on adjacent neuroectoderm where SHH expression is induced, represses SHH expression in adjacent nascent pancreatic endoderm. We identify activin-βB and FGF2 as notochord factors that can repress endodermal SHH and thereby permit expression of pancreas genes including Pdx1 and insulin. Endoderm treatment with antibodies that block hedgehog activity also results in pancreatic gene expression. Prevention of SHH expression in prepancreatic dorsal endoderm by intercellular signals, like activin and FGF, may be critical for permitting early steps of chick pancreatic development.
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Developmental biology of the pancreas
TL;DR: Observational studies suggest strongly that both endocrine and exocrine cells arise from the same endodermal rudiment, and it seems likely that there is a continuous slow turnover of cells, fed from a stem cells population in the ducts, and that the controls on the production rate are local rather than systemic.
Sonic hedgehog and Fgf-4 act through a signaling cascade and feedback loop to integrate growth and patterning of the developing limb bud.
TL;DR: The authors' results indicate that Sonic hedgehog initiates expression of secondary signaling molecules, including Bmp-2 in the mesoderm and Fgf-4 in the ectoderm, which provide a basis for understanding the integration of growth and patterning in the developing limb.
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A molecular pathway determining left-right asymmetry in chick embryogenesis.
TL;DR: In this article, the expression patterns of three genes involved in left-right (LR) determination in chick embryos were described: activin receptor IIa, Sonic hedgehog (Shh), and cNR-1 (related to the mouse gene nodal).
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Pax6 is required for differentiation of glucagon-producing alpha-cells in mouse pancreas.
TL;DR: It is concluded that both Pax genes are required for endocrine fate in the pancreas after showing that the paired-box gene Pax6 is expressed during the early stages of pancreatic development and in mature endocrine cells.
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Involvement of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in mouse embryonic lung growth and morphogenesis
Saverio Bellusci,Yasuhide Furuta,Margaret G. Rush,Randall Henderson,Glenn E. Winnier,Brigid L.M. Hogan +5 more
TL;DR: A role for Sonic hedgehog in lung morphogenesis is established, and it is suggested that SHH normally regulates lung mesenchymal cell proliferation in vivo.
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