Norovirus protein structure and function
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TL;DR: This minireview summarizes recent advances in understanding the structure and function of the norovirus proteins and provides speculation about what roles they may play in the virus replication cycle.
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Abstract: Noroviruses are positive strand RNA viruses that have received increased attention in recent years because their role as etiologic agents in acute gastroenteritis outbreaks is now clearly established. Much has been learned about the epidemiology of these viruses and the extent of genetic diversity among circulating strains. In contrast, progress on understanding the basic mechanisms of virus replication has been far slower due to the inability to cultivate virus in the laboratory. Despite this limitation, significant progress has been made in defining some basic functions of the norovirus proteins, and the structures of two have been solved to near atomic resolution. This minireview summarizes these recent advances in understanding the structure and function of the norovirus proteins and provides speculation about what roles they may play in the virus replication cycle.
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Citations
The epidemiologic and clinical importance of norovirus infection.
Robert L. Atmar,Mary K. Estes +1 more
TL;DR: The epidemiology, clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of norovirus infection is reviewed, and the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this disease are described.
328
Comprehensive Review of Human Sapoviruses
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309
Molecular epidemiology of noroviruses associated with acute sporadic gastroenteritis in children: Global distribution of genogroups, genotypes and GII.4 variants
T. N. Hoa Tran,Eamonn Trainor,Toyoko Nakagomi,Toyoko Nakagomi,Nigel A. Cunliffe,Osamu Nakagomi,Osamu Nakagomi +6 more
TL;DR: A systematic review of studies performed after 2000 to clarify the genotypic distribution of noroviruses in children (≤18 years of age) with sporadic acute gastroenteritis found that Genogroup GII norovirus was the most prevalent, accounting for 96% of all sporadic infections.
279
Mendelian resistance to human norovirus infections.
TL;DR: It is shown that histo-blood group antigens and in particular secretor status controlled by the α1,2fucosyltransferase FUT2 gene determine susceptibility to norovirus infections, with nonsecretors (FUT2−/−), representing 20% of Europeans, being highly resistant to symptomatic infections with major strains of norov virus.
170
Recovery of infectious murine norovirus using pol II-driven expression of full-length cDNA
Vernon K. Ward,Christopher McCormick,Ian N. Clarke,Omar Salim,Christiane E. Wobus,Larissa B. Thackray,Herbert W. Virgin,Paul R. Lambden +7 more
TL;DR: Norovirus reverse genetics is used to demonstrate by mutagenesis of the protease–polymerase (pro–pol) cleavage site that processing of pro–pol is essential for the recovery of infectious MNV, which represents the first infectious reverse genetics system for a norovirus.
113
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