What is the resonance frequency of the uncovered resonator?

The NbTiN quarter wavelength superconducting resonators consist of a meandering coplanar waveguide (CPW), coupled capacitively by placing the open end alongside the feedline.

What is the source of the frequency noise in resonators?

The source of the frequency noise in resonators, possibly being correlated to the flux noise in Josephson circuits which is associated with recently observed surface spins, is a subject of future experimentation.

What is the source of the noise in resonators?

The choice of substrate is crucial for the level of noise, as the authors observe up to an order of magnitude more noise in resonators comprised of NbTiN and Al on sapphire compared to Si.

What is the kinetic inductance of the uncovered resonator?

The kinetic inductancearises from the complex conductivity of the superconducting film, for films with arbitrary thickness [13], [14], with in the dirty limit [15].

Open AccessJournal Article10.1109/TASC.2009.2018086

Noise in NbTiN, Al, and Ta Superconducting Resonators on Silicon and Sapphire Substrates

Q: What is the temperature dependence of the resonance frequency for NbTiN on Si?

For increasing temperature the resonance frequency decreases monotonically, following the MattisBardeen expression for the complex conductivity (dotted lines).

Rami Barends, +6 more

- 05 Jun 2009

- IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconduc...

- Vol. 19, Iss: 3, pp 936-939

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present measurements of the frequency noise and resonance frequency temperature dependence in planar superconducting resonators on both silicon and sapphire substrates, and show that the temperature dependence of the resonance frequency scales linearly with thickness, whereas the observed increase in noise is independent of thickness.

Abstract: We present measurements of the frequency noise and resonance frequency temperature dependence in planar superconducting resonators on both silicon and sapphire substrates. We show, by covering the resonators with sputtered SiOx layers of different thicknesses, that the temperature dependence of the resonance frequency scales linearly with thickness, whereas the observed increase in noise is independent of thickness. The frequency noise decreases when increasing the width of the coplanar waveguide in NbTiN on hydrogen passivated silicon devices, most effectively by widening the gap. We find up to an order of magnitude more noise when using sapphire instead of silicon as substrate. The complete set of data points towards the noise being strongly affected by superconductor-dielectric interfaces.

AI Agents for this Paper

Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps

Most frequently asked questions

1. What have the authors contributed in "Noise in nbtin, al, and ta superconducting resonators on silicon and sapphire substrates" ?

The authors present measurements of the frequency noise and resonance frequency temperature dependence in planar superconducting resonators on both silicon and sapphire substrates.. The authors show, by covering the resonators with sputtered layers of different thicknesses, that the temperature dependence of the resonance frequency scales linearly with thickness, whereas the observed increase in noise is independent of thickness.

2. What have the authors stated for future works in "Noise in nbtin, al, and ta superconducting resonators on silicon and sapphire substrates" ?

To conclude, the authors find that the frequency noise in coplanar waveguide superconducting resonators and the deviations in the temperature dependence of the resonance frequency are differently dependent on dielectrics, by measurements on NbTiN on Si resonators with various coverages of.. Additionally, the noise can be decreased by increasing the width of the waveguide.

3. How much noise is decreased when the central line is widened?

When increasing the central line width from 1 to 30 the noise is decreased by 8.4 dBc/Hz, whereas widening the gaps from a value of 1.5 to 20 decreases the noise by 6.9 dBc/Hz.

4. What is the source of the flux noise in resonators?

In their resonators such interface spins would possibly couple to the magnetic fields inside the resonator active region, appearing in the inductance.

Fig. 4. The normalized frequency noise at 1 kHz of NbTiN on Si resonators, for varying central strip width and gap width . The internal resonator power is and the bath temperature is 350 mK. Actual values for the width are determined by scanning electron microscopy. The dashed line is

Fig. 5. The normalized frequency noise spectra of NbTiN on Si and NbTiN on sapphire resonators having the same geometry, , , and resonance frequency, 3.70 GHz and 3.76 GHz respectively, for

Fig. 3. The normalized frequency noise at 1 kHz of NbTiN on Si resonators for varying central strip width (upper figure) and varying gap width (lower figure) versus internal resonator power, taking into account the changing impedance of the resonator waveguide (see text). The dotted lines are fits to the power depen-

Fig. 6. The normalized frequency noise spectra of Al on Si and Al on sapphire resonators with equal geometry and similar resonance frequency, 4.22 GHz and 4.57 GHz respectively, for , at a bath temperature of 100 mK. The dashed lines are fits to the spectral shape

Fig. 1. Noise spectra of the normalized frequency for NbTiN samples without and with a 10, 40 or 160 nm thick layer as well as for Ta at a bath temperature of 350 mK. The dashed lines are fits to the spectral shape,

Fig. 2. The temperature dependence of the resonance frequency of NbTiN on Si resonators for varying central strip width while keeping (upper figure) and for varying gap width while keeping (lower figure). The resonance frequency closely follows Mattis-Bardeen theory (dotted lines), Eq. (1). The cross-section of the CPW geometry is shown in the inset.

Citations

•Journal Article•10.1063/1.3480420

Titanium Nitride Films for Ultrasensitive Microresonator Detectors

Henry G. LeDuc, +12 more

- 29 Mar 2010

- arXiv: Superconductivity

TL;DR: Titanium nitride (TiNx) films are ideal for use in superconducting microresonator detectors because: a) the critical temperature varies with composition (0 10^7) and have noise properties similar to resonators made using other materials, while the quasiparticle lifetimes are reasonably long, 10-200 $\mu$s as mentioned in this paper.

...read moreread less

235

•Journal Article•10.1103/PHYSREVB.91.014201

Interacting tunneling model for two-level systems in amorphous materials and its predictions for their dephasing and noise in superconducting microresonators

Lara Faoro, +3 more

- 16 Jan 2015

- Physical Review B

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use a tunneling model for two-level systems in insulators that takes into account the interaction between them and a slow power-law dependence of their density of states.

...read moreread less

132

•Journal Article•10.1063/1.4829657

High optical efficiency and photon noise limited sensitivity of microwave kinetic inductance detectors using phase readout

R. M. J. Janssen, +6 more

- 11 Nov 2013

- Applied Physics Letters

TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate photon noise limited performance in both phase and amplitude readout in microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) consisting of NbTiN and Al, down to 100 fW of optical power.

...read moreread less

103

•Journal Article

Fluctuations in the electron system of a superconductor exposed to a photon flux

Pieter J. de Visser, +4 more

- 04 Mar 2014

- Bulletin of the American Physical Societ...

...

Expand

References

•Book

Introduction To Superconductivity

Michael Tinkham

- 01 Jan 1975

TL;DR: In this article, a revised version of the book has been published to incorporate the many new developments in superconductivity, including new topics on high temperature superconductors and nonequilibrium superconductivities.

...read moreread less

8.6K

•Journal Article•10.1038/NATURE02851

Strong coupling of a single photon to a superconducting qubit using circuit quantum electrodynamics

Andreas Wallraff, +9 more

- 09 Sep 2004

- Nature

TL;DR: It is shown that the strong coupling regime can be attained in a solid-state system, and the concept of circuit quantum electrodynamics opens many new possibilities for studying the strong interaction of light and matter.

...read moreread less

4.5K

Journal Article•10.1103/PHYSREV.111.412

Theory of the anomalous skin effect in normal and superconducting metals

D. C. Mattis, +1 more

- 15 Jul 1958

- Physical Review

TL;DR: Chambers' expression for the current density in a normal metal in which the electric field varies over a mean free path is derived from a quantum approach in which use is made of the density matrix in the presence of scattering centers but in the absence of the field as discussed by the authors.

...read moreread less

1.7K

Journal Article•10.1038/NATURE02037

A broadband superconducting detector suitable for use in large arrays

Peter K. Day, +4 more

- 23 Oct 2003

- Nature

TL;DR: The demonstration of a superconducting detector that is easily fabricated and can readily be incorporated into large arrays, and its sensitivity is already within an order of magnitude of that needed for CMB observations, and the energy resolution is similarly close to the targets required for future X-ray astronomy missions.

...read moreread less

1.7K

Journal Article•10.1088/0034-4885/50/12/003

Two-level states in glasses

W A Phillips

- 01 Dec 1987

- Reports on Progress in Physics

TL;DR: In this paper, a wide range of experimental and theoretical studies of two-level or tunnelling states in glasses are discussed, focusing on fundamental physics rather than a detailed comparison of experiment and theory.

...read moreread less

993

...

Expand

Noise in NbTiN, Al, and Ta Superconducting Resonators on Silicon and Sapphire Substrates

Chat with Paper

AI Agents for this Paper

Most frequently asked questions

1. What have the authors contributed in "Noise in nbtin, al, and ta superconducting resonators on silicon and sapphire substrates" ?

2. What have the authors stated for future works in "Noise in nbtin, al, and ta superconducting resonators on silicon and sapphire substrates" ?

3. How much noise is decreased when the central line is widened?

4. What is the source of the flux noise in resonators?

5. What is the resonance frequency of the uncovered resonator?

6. What is the source of the frequency noise in resonators?

7. What is the source of the noise in resonators?

8. What is the temperature dependence of the resonance frequency for NbTiN on Si?

9. What is the kinetic inductance of the uncovered resonator?

Figures

Citations

Titanium Nitride Films for Ultrasensitive Microresonator Detectors

Evidence for interacting two-level systems from the 1/ f noise of a superconducting resonator

Interacting tunneling model for two-level systems in amorphous materials and its predictions for their dephasing and noise in superconducting microresonators

High optical efficiency and photon noise limited sensitivity of microwave kinetic inductance detectors using phase readout

Fluctuations in the electron system of a superconductor exposed to a photon flux

References

Introduction To Superconductivity

Strong coupling of a single photon to a superconducting qubit using circuit quantum electrodynamics

Theory of the anomalous skin effect in normal and superconducting metals

A broadband superconducting detector suitable for use in large arrays

Two-level states in glasses

Related Papers (5)

A broadband superconducting detector suitable for use in large arrays

Noise properties of superconducting coplanar waveguide microwave resonators

A semiempirical model for two-level system noise in superconducting microresonators

A semi-empirical model for two-level system noise in superconducting microresonators

Experimental evidence for a surface distribution of two-level systems in superconducting lithographed microwave resonators