Neurotransmitter systems of the medial prefrontal cortex: potential role in sensitization to psychostimulants.

TL;DR: A systems approach is put forward in order to build a network model of the limbic forebrain/limbic midbrain system, and the interactions of its major components, which is oriented toward considerations of distributed neural systems themselves as functional entities in the brain.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of various drugs of abuse on glutamatergic neurotransmission are discussed, as well as effects of pharmacological or genetic manipulation of various components of glutamate transmission on drug reinforcement, conditioned reward, extinction, and relapse-like behavior.

TL;DR: The mechanisms involved in netrin signalling in vertebrate and invertebrate systems are reviewed and the functions ofNetrin signalling during the development of neural and non-neural tissues are discussed.

TL;DR: It is shown that changes in dopamine levels differentially affect arousal for behaviors of varying complexity, and that complex behaviors degenerate when dopamine levels are either too high or too low, in accordance with the inverted-U hypothesis of dopamine action in the mammalian brain.

TL;DR: The best understood form of long-term potentiation is induced by the activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor complex, which allows electrical events at the postsynaptic membrane to be transduced into chemical signals which, in turn, are thought to activate both pre- and post Synaptic mechanisms to generate a persistent increase in synaptic strength.

TL;DR: S sensitization of incentive salience can produce addictive behavior even if the expectation of drug pleasure or the aversive properties of withdrawal are diminished and even in the face of strong disincentives, including the loss of reputation, job, home and family.

TL;DR: The OMPFC appears to function as a sensory-visceromotor link, especially for eating, which appears to be critical for the guidance of reward-related behavior and for setting of mood.

TL;DR: The D3 receptor is localized to limbic areas of the brain, which are associated with cognitive, emotional and endocrine functions, and seems to mediate some of the effects of antipsychotic drugs and drugs used against Parkinson's disease.