Journal Article10.1037//0894-4105.12.3.426
Neurocognitive Deficit in Schizophrenia: A Quantitative Review of the Evidence
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TL;DR: The results indicate that schizophrenia is characterized by a broadly based cognitive impairment, with varying degrees of deficit in all ability domains measured by standard clinical tests.
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Abstract: The neurocognitive literature on test performance in schizophrenia is reviewed quantitatively. The authors report 22 mean effect sizes from 204 studies to index schizophrenia versus control differences in global and selective verbal memory, nonverbal memory, bilateral and unilateral motor performance, visual and auditory attention, general intelligence, spatial ability, executive function, language, and interhemispheric tactile-transfer test performance. Moderate to large raw effect sizes (d > .60) were obtained for all 22 neurocognitive test variables, and none of the associated confidence intervals included zero. The results indicate that schizophrenia is characterized by a broadly based cognitive impairment, with varying degrees of deficit in all ability domains measured by standard clinical tests.
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Citations
Prenatal treatment with methylazoxymethanol acetate as a neurodevelopmental disruption model of schizophrenia in mice.
Kohei Takahashi,Osamu Nakagawasai,Wakana Sakuma,Wataru Nemoto,Takayo Odaira,Jia-Rong Lin,Hiroshi Onogi,Lalit K. Srivastava,Koichi Tan-No +8 more
TL;DR: The treatment of pregnant mice with MAM during GD 15–17 offers a new approach to study neurobiological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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Alterations in spatial memory and anxiety in the MAM E17 rat model of hippocampal pathology in schizophrenia
Francois Gastambide,Amy M. Taylor,Clare E. Palmer,Heta Svärd,Maija Karjalainen,Sanna K. Janhunen,Mark D. Tricklebank,David M. Bannerman +7 more
TL;DR: MAM E17 administration resulted in abnormal spatial information processing and reduced anxiety in a number of hippocampus-dependent behavioural tests, paralleling the effects of dorsal and ventral hippocampal lesions, respectively, which corroborate recent pathological and physiological studies, further highlighting the usefulness of MAM E 17 as a model of hippocampal dysfunction in at least some aspects of schizophrenia.
Relationship between Subjective Cognitive Symptoms and Frontal Executive Abilities in Chronic Schizophrenic Outpatients
TL;DR: It is likely that basic symptoms and neurocognitive functioning are unrelated in schizophrenic outpatients, probably because the expression of subjective experience and cognitive impairment is less pronounced than in inpatients.
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Working memory and long-term memory deficits in schizophrenia: is there a common substrate?
TL;DR: A review of the functional neuroimaging literature on both working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM) in patients with schizophrenia reveals a number of commonalities in research findings in both literatures.
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An investigation of 3 neurocognitive subtypes in schizophrenia
TL;DR: Cognitively-based subtyping merits additional attention in efforts to organize the heterogeneity of the schizophrenia syndrome, with evidence that the generalized cognitive normality/impairment distinction associates with important aspects of symptom severity and functional outcome.
31
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