Neck Pain: Revision 2017

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the prevalence of self-reported neck/shoulder pain in isolation and in combination with other musculoskeletal pain, headache and depressive symptoms in Norwegian adolescents.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of pain science education (PSE) plus exercise therapy for managing nonspecific spinal pain (CNSP) related symptoms, including pain, disability, kinesiophobia, and catastrophizing.

Abstract: ABSTRACT Study Design Prospective exploratory mechanistic cohort study. Objective To examine whether subgrouping post-spinal mobilization (post-SM) conditioned pain modulation (CPM) using grouping based on a median threshold predicts 4-week recovery and discharge outcomes better than continuous post-SM CPM values in adults with chronic mild mechanical neck pain. Background The identification of early responders to spinal mobilization remains suboptimal. Baseline CPM subgrouping has been shown to possess predictive value in pharmacology research; however, the value of post-SM CPM as an active mechanism-based biomarker remains poorly explored. Methods Thirty-one participants (18 women) with chronic neck pain received 10 minutes of cervical spinal mobilization. The post-treatment CPM responses were categorized using a median threshold to form subgroups. Associations with pain, disability, and global recovery were assessed, as were discharge rates. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to identify thresholds for discharge prediction. Results Post-SM CPM subgrouping accurately predicted 4-week perceived recovery (β=0.66; 95% CI: 0.03–1.29; p=0.04), explaining >50% of the variance after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. Likewise, the lower CPM subgroup demonstrated clinically relevant improvements in pain and function with moderate-to-large effect sizes. Discharge was also more common in this subgroup (56% vs. 13%). ROC-based thresholds optimized sensitivity for predicting discharge, but with decreasing specificity over time. However, continuous post-mobilization CPM values did not predict improvement in pain or disability scores and highlighted the exploratory nature of such results. Conclusions Post-SM CPM subgrouping can identify responders to spinal mobilization interventions. Post-mobilization stratification based on a mechanism can guide earlier discharge planning and prevent overtreatment. The quantification of CPM immediately after spinal mobilization can help clinicians guide treatment and allocate appropriate care pathways. These results must be used with caution since the sample size was small and must be investigated in larger samples.

Abstract: Additional file 3. Search strategy.

TL;DR: Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated and age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010, but population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades.

TL;DR: The results for 1990 and 2010 supersede all previously published Global Burden of Disease results and highlight the importance of understanding local burden of disease and setting goals and targets for the post-2015 agenda taking such patterns into account.

TL;DR: The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3 edition (beta version), may be reproduced freely for scientific, educational or clinical uses by institutions, societies or individuals as mentioned in this paper. But the authors require the permission of the International Headache Society.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) was administered to 425 undergraduates and a three component solution comprising (a) rumination, (b) magnification, and (c) helplessness.