Natural language processing

TL;DR: In this study, one subject with impaired phonological processing and a severely reduced digit span was tested on a range of tasks requiring the syntactic analysis, memory and comprehension of long and complex material and was found to be unimpaired on syntacticAnalysis and comprehension, but not on sentence repetition.

TL;DR: This chapter focuses on a double use of a portion of the network which is sent down the object to become the lower level subject and the registers which are used in the tail of the paths are set on both initial portions.

Abstract: : Algorithmic model building in artificial intelligence provides a contemporary method for explaining certain kinds of human behavior. The paranoid mode of thought and action represents a kind of pathological behavior that has been well recognized for over twenty centuries. This article describes a computer simulation model embodying a theory that attempts to explain the paranoid mode of behavior in terms of strategies for minimizing and forestalling shame-induced distress. The model consists of two parts, a parsing module and an interpretation-action module. To bring the model into contact with the conditions of a psychiatric diagnostic interview, the parsing module attempts to understand the interview input of clinicians communicating in unrestricted natural language. The meaning of the input is passed to an interpretation-action module made up of data structures and production rules that size up the current state of the interview and decide which (linguistic) actions to perform in order to fulfill the model's intentions. This module consists of an object system which deals with interview situations and a metasystem which evaluates how well the object system is performing to attain its ends. The fidelity of the simulation has been tested using Turing-like indistinguishability tests in which clinical judges attempt to distinguish the paranoid model-patient from an actual paranoid patient. Since clinicians are unable to make the relevant distinctions, the simulation is considered successful at the input-output level of functional equivalence. Issues of underlying structural equivalence and the nature of generative pattern explanations are discussed in the light of the model's potential value in guiding clinicial decisions and intervention strategies in paranoid disorders.

TL;DR: Investigating whether linguistic processes can be used as part of a document retrieval strategy by predefining a level of syntactic analysis of user queries only, suggests that the approach of using linguistic processing in retrieval, is valid.

TL;DR: A system for the computer understanding of English that combines a complete syntactic analysis of each sentence with a 'heuristic understander' which uses different kinds of information about a sentence, other parts of the discourse, and general information about the world in deciding what the sentence means.

TL;DR: An account of indirect forms of speech acts to request and inform based on the hypothesis that language users can recognize actions being performed by others, infer goals being sought, and cooperate in their achievement is proposed.

TL;DR: The survey hoped to elicit a clear picture of how people working in this subdiscipline understand knowledge representation research, to illuminate the issues on which current research is focused, and to catalogue what approaches and techniques are currently being developed.

TL;DR: The motivation for the language processing approach featuring the use of restricted English, a two-phase, compiler-like organization, and linguistic analysis based on a transformational grammar is explored.