Nanochitin: Chemistry, Structure, Assembly, and Applications
Long Bai,Liang Li,Marianelly Esquivel,Blaise L. Tardy,Siqi Huan,Xun Niu,Shouxin Liu,Guihua Tang,Yimin Fan,Orlando J. Rojas +9 more
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TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss recent achievements in the isolation, deconstruction, and fractionation of chitin nanostructures of varying axial aspects (nanofibrils and nanorods) along with methods for their modification and assembly into functional materials.
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Abstract: Chitin, a fascinating biopolymer found in living organisms, fulfills current demands of availability, sustainability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, functionality, and renewability. A feature of chitin is its ability to structure into hierarchical assemblies, spanning the nano- and macroscales, imparting toughness and resistance (chemical, biological, among others) to multicomponent materials as well as adding adaptability, tunability, and versatility. Retaining the inherent structural characteristics of chitin and its colloidal features in dispersed media has been central to its use, considering it as a building block for the construction of emerging materials. Top-down chitin designs have been reported and differentiate from the traditional molecular-level, bottom-up synthesis and assembly for material development. Such topics are the focus of this Review, which also covers the origins and biological characteristics of chitin and their influence on the morphological and physical-chemical properties. We discuss recent achievements in the isolation, deconstruction, and fractionation of chitin nanostructures of varying axial aspects (nanofibrils and nanorods) along with methods for their modification and assembly into functional materials. We highlight the role of nanochitin in its native architecture and as a component of materials subjected to multiscale interactions, leading to highly dynamic and functional structures. We introduce the most recent advances in the applications of nanochitin-derived materials and industrialization efforts, following green manufacturing principles. Finally, we offer a critical perspective about the adoption of nanochitin in the context of advanced, sustainable materials.
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Citations
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Chitin, Chitosan, and Nanochitin: Extraction, Synthesis, and Applications
TL;DR: This review summarizes and compares common chitin extraction methods, highlighting the benefits and shortcomings of each, followed by descriptions of methods to convert chitIn into chitosan and nanochitin.
Structural Color from Cellulose Nanocrystals or Chitin Nanocrystals: Self-Assembly, Optics, and Applications
Bruno Frka-Petesic,Thomas G. Parton,Camila Honorato-Rios,Aurimas Narkevicius,Kevin Ballu,Qingchen Shen,Zihao Lu,Yukio Ogawa,Johannes S. Haataja,Benjamin E Droguet,Richard M. Parker,Silvia Vignolini +11 more
TL;DR: Structural coloration of cellulose and chitin nanocrystals self-assembles into lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystals, forming iridescent films with potential applications in optics and functional materials.
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