Nanobiocatalysis

TL;DR: Nanobiocatalysts are enzyme-loaded nanomaterials with high catalytic potential, efficiency, stability, reusability, and enhanced enzyme–substrate interaction.

Abstract: Nanobiocatalysts are biomaterials formed by integration of enzymes with nanocarriers. Nanobiocatalysts have attained attention of scientists due to their robust catalytic potential, great efficiency, excellent stabilities, reusability, and enhanced enzyme–substrate interaction. Different functionalized nanomaterials such as polymeric materials, carbon-based nanomaterials, metal oxide nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles etc., have been used to generate nanobiocatalysts due to their particular physicochemical characteristics. Nanobiocatalysts have been emerging fastly and shall become strong norm in biocatalysis with excellent characteristics such as facile recovery, good yield, cost friendly, enhanced mass transfer potential, multipurpose use, reaction efficiency, target specificity, and stability. In this chapter, we have discussed various aspects of nanobiocatalysts such as (1) Nanomaterials involved in development of nanobiocatalysts, (2) Chemistry involved in immobilization of enzymes on nanomaterials, (3) Nanobiocatalyst as a drive toward nanobiocatalysis, (4) Applications of nanobiocatalysts in different fields such as food industry, pharmaceutical industry, production of biofuels, bioconversion or biotransformation systems, and bioremediation of environmental pollutants.