Multiple agents rescue PC12 cells from serum-free cell death by translation- and transcription-independent mechanisms
TL;DR: Findings indicate that survival was promoted by mechanisms that do not require synthesis of RNA or protein, and Regulation of protein kinase activity appears to be a common feature of each pathway and may play a key convergent role in mediating prevention of cell death.
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Abstract: Past studies revealed that NGF and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) prevent the death of PC 12 pheochromocytoma cells that otherwise occurs in serum-free medium. Additional agents were tested here for their abilities to promote long-term survival of naive and NGF-pretreated (primed) PC 12 cells in serum-free conditions. Forskolin and permeant cAMP analogs effectively prevented serum-free cell death, as did micromolar levels of insulin and 10-100-nM levels of insulin-like growth factors I and II. In contrast to NGF and FGF, none of these agents caused neuronal differentiation of naive cells or neurite regeneration by primed cells. Each of the agents also prevented rapid cell death in a balanced salt solution, thus apparently ruling out a mechanism dependent on regulation of nutrient uptake. Epidermal growth factor and elevated K+ appeared to slow the rate of cell death, but did not promote long-term survival; phorbol ester, dexamethasone, or vanadate did not prevent cell death. Each of the survival-promoting agents was effective even when macromolecular synthesis was blocked. Because the synthesis inhibitors themselves did not significantly prevent cell death, such findings indicate that survival was promoted by mechanisms that do not require synthesis of RNA or protein. In addition, various lines of experimental evidence (using the kinase inhibitor K-252a or PC 12 cell variants deficient either in protein kinase A activity or in responsiveness to NGF) further suggested that the effective agents maintain survival by independent initial pathways. Regulation of protein kinase activity appears to be a common feature of each pathway and may therefore play a key convergent role in mediating prevention of cell death.
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Citations
Gangliosides rescue neuronal cells from death after trophic factor deprivation.
TL;DR: GM1 promotes long-term survival of naive and NGF-pretreated PC 12 cells in serum-free medium and prevents internucleosomal cleavage of PC 12 cell DNA and helps extend the actions of gangliosides to rescue of neuronal cells deprived of neurotrophic factor support.
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Neuroprotective Principles from Gastrodia elata
TL;DR: Serum deprivation-induced neuronal-like PC12 cell apoptosis was used as an ischemic/hypoxic model to screen neuroprotective compounds from the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata, a traditional Chinese medicine, and two active compounds, bis(4-hydroxybenzyl)sulfide and N6-(4-HydroxybenZyl)adenine riboside), together with 15 known compounds were obtained from the active fraction.
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•Journal Article
Overexpression of the nerve growth factor-inducible PC3 immediate early gene is associated with growth inhibition
TL;DR: It is reported that overexpression of PC3 in NIH3T3 and PC12 cells leads to marked inhibition of cell proliferation, the first evidence of a NGF-inducible immediate early gene displaying antiproliferative activity.
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BCL‐2‐Related Protein Expression in Apoptosis: Oxidative Stress Versus Serum Deprivation in PC12 Cells
TL;DR: Results show that the expression of BAX, BAK, BAD, and BCL‐xL is altered in a stimulus‐dependent manner but cannot be used to define whether a cell will undergo or survive apoptosis, which could reflect activation in part of a common antioxidant pathway.
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Estrogen and NGF synergistically protect terminally differentiated, ERα‐transfected PC12 cells from apoptosis
TL;DR: The effects of estrogen on a prototypical neuronal‐like cell, namely, nerve growth factor differentiated PC12 cells when these cells are placed into an apoptosis‐inducing environment are examined.
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References
Establishment of a noradrenergic clonal line of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells which respond to nerve growth factor.
TL;DR: A single cell clonal line which responds reversibly to nerve growth factor (NGF) has been established from a transplantable rat adrenal pheochromocytoma and should be a useful model system for neurobiological and neurochemical studies.
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Effect of protein synthesis inhibitors on growth factor activation of c-fos, c-myc, and actin gene transcription.
TL;DR: The results suggest that in PC12 cells c-fos transcription is activated by a protein-synthesis-independent mechanism, whereas c-myc stimulation requires new protein synthesis.
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Selective and nonselective stimulation of central cholinergic and dopaminergic development in vitro by nerve growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin and the insulin-like growth factors I and II
TL;DR: NGF and, very similarly, bFGF seem to influence septal cholinergic neurons directly and rather selectively, whereas the neurotrophic actions of insulin and the insulin-like growth factors appear to be more general.
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Effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-II, and nerve growth factor on neurite formation and survival in cultured sympathetic and sensory neurons
TL;DR: The hypothesis that insulin and its homologs belong to a broad family of neuritogenic polypeptides is supported, as it is shown that insulin acts on the same, or a subpopulation, of NGF-responsive neurons.
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Sarcoma viruses carrying ras oncogenes induce differentiation-associated properties in a neuronal cell line
Makoto Noda,Minoru S.H. Ko,Akihiko Ogura,Ding Gan Liu,Takehiko Amano,Toshiya Takano,Yoji Ikawa +6 more
TL;DR: It is found that Ki- and Ha-MSV mimic some, if not all, of the activities of NGF in PC12 cells, and there is evidence that the viral oncogenes, v-Ki-ras and v-Ha-ras, are responsible for this phenomenon.
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