Multidrug resistance polypeptide 1 (MDR1, ABCB1) variant 3435C>T affects mRNA stability.

TL;DR: This critical review of ABCB1 genotype and PGP function, including mRNA expression, PGP–substrate drug pharmacokinetics and drug response, highlights methodological limitations of existing studies, including inadequate power, potential confounding by co-morbidity and co-medication, multiple testing, poor definition of disease phenotype and outcomes, and analysis of multiple drugs that might not be PGP substrates.

TL;DR: Genetic polymorphisms may affect antiretroviral disposition, as well as both efficacy and toxicity, in HIV-positive patients living with HIV/AIDS.

TL;DR: Employing a PGx-guided strategy for prescribing opioids can improve response rate, reduce side effects and increase adherence to treatment plans for pain; more research is needed to explore opioid-related PGx factors for the development and validation of an opioid genetic panel.

TL;DR: A significant correlation of a polymorphism in exon 26 (C3435T) of MDR-1 with expression levels and function is observed and this polymorphism is expected to affect the absorption and tissue concentrations of numerous other substrates of M DR-1.

TL;DR: Allelic variation in MDR1 is more common than previously recognized and involves multiple SNPs whose allelic frequencies vary between populations, and some of these SNPs are associated with altered P‐glycoprotein function.

TL;DR: Some synonymous mutations in the human DRD2 have functional effects and suggest a novel genetic mechanism, calling into question some assumptions made about synonymous variation in molecular population genetics and gene-mapping studies of diseases with complex inheritance, and indicate that synonymous variation can have effects of potential pathophysiological and pharmacogenetic importance.

TL;DR: SNPs in MDR1 in relation to population frequencies, drug levels, and phenotypes are outlined and issues relating to M DR1 haplotypes, environmental factors, and study design, as potential confounding factors of the observed MDR 1 polymorphism effect in vivo, are discussed.