Multi-D magnetohydrodynamic modelling of pulsar wind nebulae: recent progress and open questions
69
TL;DR: In the last decade, the relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling of pulsar wind nebulae, and of the Crab nebula in particular, has been highly successful, with many of the observed dynamical and emission properties reproduced down to the finest detail.
read more
Abstract: In the last decade, the relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling of pulsar wind nebulae, and of the Crab nebula in particular, has been highly successful, with many of the observed dynamical and emission properties reproduced down to the finest detail. Here, we critically discuss the results of some of the most recent studies: namely the investigation of the origin of the radio emitting particles and the quest for the acceleration sites of particles of different energies along the termination shock, by using wisp motions as a diagnostic tool; the study of the magnetic dissipation process in high magnetization nebulae by means of new long-term three-dimensional simulations of the pulsar wind nebula evolution; the investigation of the relativistic tearing instability in thinning current sheets, leading to fast reconnection events that might be at the origin of the Crab nebula gamma-ray flares.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Pulsar wind nebulae with bow shocks: non-thermal radiation and cosmic ray leptons
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that high-resolution imaging of pulsar wind nebulae with bow shocks provides unique information on pulsar winds and on the interstellar medium (ISM), and estimate the BSPWN contribution to the positron flux observed at the Earth.
92
Pulsar Wind Nebulae with Bow Shocks: Non-thermal Radiation and Cosmic Ray Leptons
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model for bow-shaking pulsar wind nebulae with bow shocks (BSPWNe) and estimate their contribution to the positron flux observed at the Earth.
75
•Posted Content
Observations of "Wisps" in Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Crab Nebula
TL;DR: In this article, the results of high-resolution axisymmetric relativistic MHD simulations of Pulsar wind Nebulae are described. And the results point towards the quasi-periodic behaviour with the periods of 1.5 - 3 yr and MHD turbulence on scales below 1 yr.
Core collapse supernova remnants with ears
Aldana Grichener,Noam Soker +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the morphologies of core collapse supernova remnants (CCSNRs) and find that about third of them have two opposite ears protruding from their main shell.
69
Magnetic fields in heavy ion collisions: flow and charge transport
Gabriele Inghirami,Gabriele Inghirami,Mark Mace,Mark Mace,Yuji Hirono,Yuji Hirono,Luca Del Zanna,Luca Del Zanna,Dmitri E. Kharzeev,Dmitri E. Kharzeev,Marcus Bleicher +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of a dynamical magnetic field on the hydrodynamic medium created in the collisions of two ultrarelativistic heavy-ions, using the framework of numerical ideal MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) with the ECHO-QGP code, were investigated.
References
An anomalous positron abundance in cosmic rays with energies 1.5-100 GeV
O. Adriani,G. C. Barbarino,G. A. Bazilevskaya,Roberto Bellotti,Mirko Boezio,E. A. Bogomolov,Lorenzo Bonechi,M. Bongi,V. Bonvicini,S. Bottai,A. Bruno,F. Cafagna,D. Campana,Per Carlson,Marco Casolino,G. Castellini,M. P. De Pascale,G. De Rosa,N. De Simone,V. Di Felice,A. M. Galper,L. A. Grishantseva,Petter Hofverberg,S. V. Koldashov,S. Y. Krutkov,A. N. Kvashnin,A. A. Leonov,V. Malvezzi,L. Marcelli,W. Menn,V. V. Mikhailov,E. Mocchiutti,Silvio Orsi,G. Osteria,P. Papini,Mark Pearce,P. Picozza,Marco Ricci,S. B. Ricciarini,M. Simon,Roberta Sparvoli,Piero Spillantini,Y. I. Stozhkov,Andrea Vacchi,E. Vannuccini,G. I. Vasilyev,S. A. Voronov,Y. T. Yurkin,G. Zampa,N. Zampa,V. G. Zverev +50 more
TL;DR: It is found that the positron fraction increases sharply over much of that range, in a way that appears to be completely inconsistent with secondary sources, and is concluded that a primary source, be it an astrophysical object or dark matter annihilation, is necessary.
PLUTO: A Numerical Code for Computational Astrophysics
Andrea Mignone,Andrea Mignone,Gianluigi Bodo,Silvano Massaglia,Titos Matsakos,Ovidiu Tesileanu,Claudio Zanni,A. Ferrari +7 more
TL;DR: PLUTO as mentioned in this paper is a multiphysics, multialgorithm modular environment particularly oriented toward the treatment of astrophysical flows in presence of discontinuities, and it exploits a general framework for integrating a system of conservation laws, built on modern Godunov-type shockcapturing schemes.
1.6K
Hyperbolic divergence cleaning for the MHD equations
Andreas Dedner,Friedemann Kemm,Dietmar Kröner,Claus-Dieter Munz,T. Schnitzer,Matthias Wesenberg +5 more
TL;DR: A new approach to the stabilization of numerical schemes in magnetohydrodynamic processes in which the divergence errors are transported to the domain boundaries with the maximal admissible speed and are damped at the same time is developed.
1.4K
First result from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station: precision measurement of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays of 0.5-350 GeV.
M. Aguilar,G Alberti,Behcet Alpat,A. Alvino,G. Ambrosi,K. Andeen,H. Anderhub,Luísa Arruda,Philipp Azzarello,A. Bachlechner,Fernando Barão,B. Baret,A. Barrau,L. Barrin,A. Bartoloni,L. Basara,A. Basili,L Batalha,J. Bates,Roberto Battiston,J. Bazo,R. Becker,U. Becker,M. Behlmann,B. Beischer,J. Berdugo,P. Berges,B. Bertucci,G. Bigongiari,Adrian Biland,Veronica Bindi,S. Bizzaglia,G. Boella,W. de Boer,K. Bollweg,J. Bolmont,B. Borgia,S. Borsini,Matteo Boschini,G. Boudoul,M. Bourquin,Pierre Brun,M Buénerd,J. D. Burger,W. J. Burger,Franck Cadoux,X. D. Cai,M. Capell,D. Casadei,J. Casaus,V. Cascioli,G. Castellini,I. Cernuda,F. Cervelli,M. J. Chae,Yuan-Hann Chang,A. I. Chen,C R Chen,H. S. Chen,G. M. Cheng,Huan Chen,Lin Cheng,N Chernoplyiokov,A. Chikanian,E. Choumilov,V. Choutko,C. H. Chung,C. Clark,R. Clavero,G. Coignet,V Commichau,C. Consolandi,Andrea Contin,Claudio Corti,M T Costado Dios,B. Coste,D. Crespo,Z. Cui,M. Dai,C. Delgado,S. Della Torre,B. Demirkoz,P. Dennett,L. Derome,S. Di Falco,X H Diao,A Diago,L. Djambazov,Carlos Díaz,P. von Doetinchem,W. J. Du,J.M. Dubois,R Duperay,M. Duranti,D D'Urso,A. Egorov,A. Eline,F. J. Eppling,T. Eronen,J. van Es,H. Esser,Alain Falvard,E. Fiandrini,A. Fiasson,E. Finch,Peter H. Fisher,K Flood,R Foglio,M Fohey,S Fopp,N. Fouque,Yu. Galaktionov,M. Gallilee,L Gallin-Martel,G. Gallucci,Bruce Rafael Mellado Garcia,Jmv Garcia,R. J. García-López,L García-Tabares,C Gargiulo,Henning Gast,I. Gebauer,Simonetta Gentile,Massimo Gervasi,W. Gillard,F. Giovacchini,L Girard,P. Goglov,J. Gong,C Goy-Henningsen,D. Grandi,M. Graziani,A Grechko,A Gross,I. Guerri,C. de la Guia,K. H. Guo,M. Habiby,Sadakazu Haino,F. Hauler,Z. H. He,Michael Heil,J Heilig,R. Hermel,H. Hofer,Zhiqi Huang,W Hungerford,M. Incagli,Maria Ionica,A. Jacholkowska,W. Y. Jang,H. Jinchi,M. Jongmanns,L Journet,L. Jungermann,Waclaw Karpinski,Gui Nyun Kim,Kwangsoo Kim,T. Kirn,R. Kossakowski,A. Koulemzine,O. Kounina,Andrei Kounine,V. Koutsenko,M. S. Krafczyk,E. Laudi,G. Laurenti,C Lauritzen,A. Lebedev,M W Lee,S. C. Lee,C. Leluc,H. León Vargas,V Lepareur,J. Q. Li,Qiang Li,T. X. Li,Wei Li,Z. H. Li,P. Lipari,Chia-Hui Lin,Dong Liu,Hengchang Liu,Teimuraz Lomtadze,Ying Lu,S Lucidi,K. Lübelsmeyer,J. Z. Luo,Werner Lustermann,S. S. Lv,Joseph R. Madsen,R. D. Majka,A. Malinin,C. Maña,J. C. Marin,Tim Martin,G. Martinez,F. Masciocchi,N. Masi,David Maurin,Al McInturff,Peter McIntyre,A. Menchaca-Rocha,Q. Meng,Mauro Menichelli,I Mereu,M Millinger,D. C. Mo,Marco Molina,P. Mott,Ari Mujunen,S Natale,P Nemeth,J. Q. Ni,N. Nikonov,F. Nozzoli,P. Nunes,A. Obermeier,S Oh,A. Oliva,F. Palmonari,C. Palomares,M. Paniccia,Alberto Papi,W H Park,M. Pauluzzi,Felicitas Pauss,A Pauw,E. Pedreschi,S. Pensotti,Rui Miguel Faisca Rodrigues Pereira,E. Perrin,G. Pessina,G. Pierschel,Fabrizio Giulio Luca Pilo,A. Piluso,C. Pizzolotto,V. Plyaskin,J Pochon,M. Pohl,V. Poireau,S. Porter,J Pouxe,Antje Putze,Lucio Quadrani,X N Qi,P. G. Rancoita,D. Rapin,Z. L. Ren,J. S. Ricol,E. Riihonen,I. Rodríguez,U. Roeser,S. Rosier-Lees,Leonardo Paolo Rossi,A. Rozhkov,Davide Rozza,A. Sabellek,Roald Z. Sagdeev,J. Sandweiss,B Santos,P. Saouter,M Sarchioni,Stefan Schael,D. Schinzel,M. Schmanau,G. Schwering,A. Schulz von Dratzig,G. Scolieri,Eun-Suk Seo,B. S. Shan,J. Y. Shi,Yun Shi,T. Siedenburg,R. Siedling,Dong-Chul Son,F. Spada,F. Spinella,M. Steuer,K Stiff,Won Kyu Calvin Sun,W. H. Sun,X H Sun,Mauro Tacconi,C. P. Tang,X. W. Tang,Zhixiang Tang,L. Tao,J Tassan-Viol,Samuel C.C. Ting,S. M. Ting,C Titus,Nicola Tomassetti,F Toral,J. J. Torsti,J R Tsai,J C Tutt,J. Ulbricht,T. Urban,V. Vagelli,E. Valente,C. Vannini,Eino Valtonen,M Vargas Trevino,S. S. Vaurynovich,M Vecchi,M. Vergain,B. Verlaat,C Vescovi,J. P. Vialle,G. Viertel,Giovanni Volpini,Dongfang Wang,Naihua Wang,Q. L. Wang,Ruiguang Wang,Xiaoping Wang,Zheng Wang,W. Wallraff,Z. L. Weng,M. Willenbrock,Michael Wlochal,H. Wu,K. Y. Wu,Z S Wu,Wenzhong Xiao,S. Xie,R. Q. Xiong,Gongming Xin,Ningsheng Xu,Wei Xu,Qing-Bo Yan,J. Yang,Mingming Yang,Q. H. Ye,H. Yi,Y. J. Yu,Z. Q. Yu,S. Zeissler,J G Zhang,Zhijun Zhang,M M Zhang,Z. M. Zheng,H. L. Zhuang,Valery Zhukov,A. Zichichi,Paolo Zuccon,C. Zurbach +347 more
TL;DR: The very accurate data show that the positron fraction is steadily increasing from 10 to ∼ 250 GeV, but, from 20 to 250 GeV, the slope decreases by an order of magnitude, showing the existence of new physical phenomena.
Confinement of the Crab pulsar's wind by its supernova remnant
TL;DR: In this article, a steady state, spherically symmetric, magnetohydrodynamic model of the Crab nebula is constructed, where a highly relativistic positronic positronic pulsar wind is terminated by a strong MHD shock that decelerates the flow and increases its pressure to match boundary conditions imposed by the recently discovered supernova remnant that surrounds the nebula.
1.1K