Moving visual scenes influence the apparent direction of gravity.

TL;DR: The data on patients with vestibular migraine indicate that the VEMP amplitudes are significantly and bilaterally reduced compared to those of controls, which suggests that both peripheral Vestibular structures, such as the saccule, but also central vestibULAR structures are affected by the disease.

TL;DR: Evidence supporting the view that there are two modes of visual detection of body sway: ocular and extraocular is reviewed, indicating that these two modes are effective and can operate congruently.

TL;DR: The results suggest that individuals have well-established, preferred, sensory strategies for controlling postural orientation when vision is not available and subjects who leaned in the post-incline period appear to depend more on the geometry of the support surface as a reference frame and to rely more on proprioceptive information to extract kinematic relationships.