Journal Article10.1038/NRI1733
Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity
Siamon Gordon,Philip R. Taylor +1 more
TL;DR: Recent studies have shown that monocyte heterogeneity is conserved in humans and mice, allowing dissection of its functional relevance: the different monocyte subsets seem to reflect developmental stages with distinct physiological roles, such as recruitment to inflammatory lesions or entry to normal tissues.
read more
Abstract: Heterogeneity of the macrophage lineage has long been recognized and, in part, is a result of the specialization of tissue macrophages in particular microenvironments. Circulating monocytes give rise to mature macrophages and are also heterogeneous themselves, although the physiological relevance of this is not completely understood. However, as we discuss here, recent studies have shown that monocyte heterogeneity is conserved in humans and mice, allowing dissection of its functional relevance: the different monocyte subsets seem to reflect developmental stages with distinct physiological roles, such as recruitment to inflammatory lesions or entry to normal tissues. These advances in our understanding have implications for the development of therapeutic strategies that are targeted to modify particular subpopulations of monocytes.
read more
Chat with Paper
AI Agents for this Paper
Find similar papers on Google Scholar, PubMed and Arxiv
Write a critical review of this paper
Analyze citations of this paper to find unaddressed research gaps
Citations
Redefining Tumor-Associated Macrophage Subpopulations and Functions in the Tumor Microenvironment.
TL;DR: The immunosuppressive status of the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly defined and emerging evidence highlighting the redefinition of TAM subpopulations and functions in the TME and the possibility of separating macrophage subsets with distinct functions into antitumor M1-like and pro-tumors M2-like TAMs during the development of tumors is discussed.
Depletion of Liver Kupffer Cells Prevents the Development of Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance
Wan Huang,Anantha S. Metlakunta,Nikolaos Dedousis,Pili Zhang,Ian Sipula,John J. Dubé,Donald K. Scott,Robert M. O'Doherty +7 more
TL;DR: A role for liver macrophages is demonstrated in diet-induced alterations in hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity, and a role for these cells in the etiology of the metabolic abnormalities of obesity/type 2 diabetes is suggested.
517
ROS play a critical role in the differentiation of alternatively activated macrophages and the occurrence of tumor-associated macrophages
Yan Zhang,Swati Choksi,Kun Chen,Kun Chen,Yelena L. Pobezinskaya,Ilona Linnoila,Zheng-gang Liu +6 more
TL;DR: It is found that when monocytes are triggered to differentiate, O2− is generated and is needed for the biphasic ERK activation, which is critical for macrophage differentiation, and inhibition of superoxide (O2−) production specifically blocks the differentiation of M2 macrophages.
Tumor-associated macrophages: functional diversity, clinical significance, and open questions
TL;DR: Proof-of-principle studies indicate that TAM-centered therapeutic strategies may contribute to cancer therapy as well as targeting TAMs and their associated molecules to modulate tumor progression.
515
Oxidized Phospholipids on Lipoprotein(a) Elicit Arterial Wall Inflammation and an Inflammatory Monocyte Response in Humans
Fleur M. van der Valk,Siroon Bekkering,Jeffrey Kroon,Calvin Yeang,Jan Van den Bossche,Jaap D. van Buul,Amir Ravandi,Aart J. Nederveen,Hein J. Verberne,Corey A. Scipione,Max Nieuwdorp,Leo A. B. Joosten,Mihai G. Netea,Marlys L. Koschinsky,Joseph L. Witztum,Sotirios Tsimikas,Niels P. Riksen,Erik S.G. Stroes +17 more
TL;DR: These findings demonstrate that Lp(a) induces monocyte trafficking to the arterial wall and mediates proinflammatory responses through its OxPL content, providing a novel mechanism by which Lp (a) mediates cardiovascular disease.
512
References
Alternative activation of macrophages
TL;DR: The evidence in favour of alternative macrophage activation by the TH2-type cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 is assessed, and its limits and relevance to a range of immune and inflammatory conditions are defined.
6.4K
Toll-like receptors.
TL;DR: This unit discusses mammalian Toll receptors (TLR1‐10) that have an essential role in the innate immune recognition of microorganisms and are discussed are TLR‐mediated signaling pathways and antibodies that are available to detect specific TLRs.
6.1K
Efficient presentation of soluble antigen by cultured human dendritic cells is maintained by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin 4 and downregulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha.
TL;DR: Cultured DCs are as efficient as antigen-specific B cells in presenting tetanus toxoid (TT) to specific T cell clones and their efficiency of antigen presentation can be further enhanced by specific antibodies via FcR- mediated antigen uptake.
5.5K
Blood Monocytes Consist of Two Principal Subsets with Distinct Migratory Properties
TL;DR: Using a murine adoptive transfer system to probe monocyte homing and differentiation in vivo, two functional subsets among murine blood monocytes are identified: a short-lived CX(3)CR1(lo)CCR2(+)Gr1(+) subset that is actively recruited to inflamed tissues and a CX (3) CR1(hi)CCS1-dependent recruitment to noninflamed tissues.
3.5K