Journal Article10.1038/NRI1733
Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity
Siamon Gordon,Philip R. Taylor +1 more
TL;DR: Recent studies have shown that monocyte heterogeneity is conserved in humans and mice, allowing dissection of its functional relevance: the different monocyte subsets seem to reflect developmental stages with distinct physiological roles, such as recruitment to inflammatory lesions or entry to normal tissues.
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Abstract: Heterogeneity of the macrophage lineage has long been recognized and, in part, is a result of the specialization of tissue macrophages in particular microenvironments. Circulating monocytes give rise to mature macrophages and are also heterogeneous themselves, although the physiological relevance of this is not completely understood. However, as we discuss here, recent studies have shown that monocyte heterogeneity is conserved in humans and mice, allowing dissection of its functional relevance: the different monocyte subsets seem to reflect developmental stages with distinct physiological roles, such as recruitment to inflammatory lesions or entry to normal tissues. These advances in our understanding have implications for the development of therapeutic strategies that are targeted to modify particular subpopulations of monocytes.
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Citations
Differential Ly6C Expression after Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Identifies Unique Macrophage Populations.
Meghan E. Clements,Michael Gershenovich,Christopher J. Chaber,Juanita Campos-Rivera,Pan Du,Mindy Zhang,Steve Ledbetter,Anna Zuk +7 more
TL;DR: Results of this study in a renal ischemia-reperfusion injury model allow phenotype and function to be assigned to CD11b(+)/Ly6C(+) monocyte/macrophage populations in the pathophysiology of disease after AKI.
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CCR5 Knockout Prevents Neuronal Injury and Behavioral Impairment Induced in a Transgenic Mouse Model by a CXCR4-using HIV-1 Glycoprotein 120
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TL;DR: It is shown that genetic ablation of CCR5 prevents microglial activation and neuronal damage in a transgenic model of HIV-associated brain injury induced by a CXCR4-using viral envelope gp120, and a novel protective effect of LCN2 in combination with inhibition of C CR5 in HIV- associated brain injury is found.
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Monocyte infiltration rather than microglia proliferation dominates the early immune response to rapid photoreceptor degeneration.
TL;DR: These results demonstrate that the immune response to photoreceptor degeneration includes both resident microglia and monocytes, even at very early times, and show monocyte involvement is not limited to disease states that overwhelm or deplete the residentmicroglial population and that interventions focused on modulating the peripheral immune system are not universally beneficial for staving off degeneration.
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Alicia Martínez-Varea,Roberto Romero,Yi Xu,Derek Miller,Ahmed I. Ahmed,Piya Chaemsaithong,Noppadol Chaiyasit,Lami Yeo,Majid Shaman,Kia Lannaman,Benjamin Cher,Sonia S. Hassan,Nardhy Gomez-Lopez +12 more
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