Journal Article10.1016/J.CBPB.2019.02.006
Molecular characterization, host defense mechanisms, and functional analysis of ERp44 from big-belly seahorse: A novel member of the teleost thioredoxin family present in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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TL;DR: RShERp44-treated fathead minnow cells showed significant cell survival against 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide and thus exhibited capability to resist oxidative stress and provide insight into teleost defense mechanisms and functional properties of ERp44 in controlling redox homeostasis at the molecular level.
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Abstract: Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 44 (ERp44) is a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and a member of thioredoxin family, which is involved in several functions such as oxidative folding and polymerization of molecules, carrier protein activity, regulation of the Ca2+ ion levels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), cellular signaling, and maintenance of lumen redox homeostasis. In this study, ERp44 from Hippocampus abdominalis, commonly known as the big belly seahorse, was characterized. ERp44 possessed three PDI-like domains and one thioredoxin fold with a CXXC conserved motif. The open reading frame consisted of 1233 bp encoding 410 amino acids. Additionally, it contained a C-terminal RDEL motif, which suggests a localization of ERp44 to the endoplasmic reticulum. ShERp44 showed highest mRNA expression in the ovary, brain, and gills. Temporal expression of ShERp44 in blood showed significant upregulation against bacterial, LPS, and PolyI:C stimuli at 24 and 72 h. Trunk kidney tissue exhibited upregulated ShERp44 expression at 24 h in response to lipopolysaccharides and Streptococcus iniae and at 72 h in response to Edwardsiella tarda and poly I:C. NADPH turnover was observed as 0.06122 ± 0.0075 μmol/s protein/μg through the HED assay. Insulin aggregation assay showed a significant reduction ability of rShERp44 by precipitating insulin rapidly, beginning at 5 min. Moreover, rShERp44-treated fathead minnow cells showed significant cell survival against 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide and thus exhibited capability to resist oxidative stress. Taken together, these findings provide insight into teleost defense mechanisms and functional properties of ERp44 in controlling redox homeostasis at the molecular level.
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Citations
A newly discovered teleost disulfide isomerase, thioredoxin domain containing 5 (TXNDC5), from big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis): Insights into its molecular and functional properties and immune regulatory functions.
TL;DR: Analysis of the spatial distribution of ShTXNDC5 expression showed that its highest expression was observed in the ovary, gill, and pouch of seahorses, and the functional assay revealed its capability to overcome cellular oxidative stress.
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Excessive sulfur oxidation in endoplasmic reticulum drives an inflammatory reaction of chondrocytes in aging mice
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Quantitative proteomics reveals arsenic attenuates stem-loop binding protein stability via a chaperone complex containing heat shock proteins and ERp44
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