Model-Based Reasoning

TL;DR: Model-based reasoning is embedded within a wider world that includes networks of participants and institutions (Latour, 1999); specialized ways of talking and writing (Bazerman, 1988); development of representations that render phenomena accessible, visualizable, and transportable (Gooding, 1989; Latour, 1990); and efforts to manage material contingency, because no model specifies instrumentation and measurement in sufficient detail to prescribe practice as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: A top-down perspective of reasoning as model construction and simulation is presented, and the role of visualization in model based reasoning is discussed, and interaction can be understood as active modeling for three primary purposes: external anchoring, information foraging, and cognitive offloading.

TL;DR: The first comprehensive analysis and critical discussion of the methodology of experimental economics, written by a philosopher of science with expertise in the field, can be found in this paper, which outlines the fundamental principles of experimental inference in order to investigate their power, scope and limitations.

TL;DR: This article argues that the challenges of zoonotic disease are best met by combining multiple models and modelling approaches that elucidate the various epidemiological, ecological and social processes at work, and develops and illustrates this argument in relation to the cases of H5N1 avian influenza and Ebola.