Open Access
Microscopial Study of Ancient Mortars from Tournai (Belgium)
Raymond Brulet
- 01 Jan 2004
54
TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of chemical and microscopical techniques were used to characterise the hydraulicity of ancient mortars from excavations in the Cathedral at Tournai in Belgium.
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Abstract: Masonry mortars and mortars used for flooring (4th-11th century AD) from excavations in the Cathedral at Tournai in Belgium have been investigated as part of a broader study considering the transition of ancient cities from Roman to late Roman society and the transformation to the early middle ages. A selected set of samples has been characterised using a combination of chemical and microscopical techniques. This characterisation enables us to refine our knowledge of the mortar composition, of the original materials and of their provenance. The results of the characterisation of these samples clearly indicate the importance of an optical microscopy study using thin sections as a first step in the chemical-mineralogical characterisation of historic mortars because of the complexity and heterogeneity of this composite material. Microprobe analysis results on lime lumps have clearly proved to be useful to determine the hydraulicity of ancient mortars. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Citations
Microscopy of historic mortars—a review
TL;DR: In this article, optical microscopy is also used for damage diagnosis of degraded historic mortars and for the study of the interfacial zone, the bonding and possible reaction rims between aggregates, bricks or stone and the mortar.
365
The Vitruvian legacy: Mortars and binders before and after the Roman world
Gilberto Artioli,Michele Secco,Anna Addis +2 more
- 01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: A brief history of the nature, use and technology of binders in ancient constructions and buildings is outlined in this paper, including the apparent chronological discontinuities related to technological developments, and the role of mineralogy and mineral reactions is emphasized in terms of: (1) the preparation and manufacturing of the binding materials; (2) hardening process and the development of the physical properties of the binder; and (3) the archaeometric reconstruction of the ancient materials.
90
Hydraulicity in Historic Lime Mortars: A Review
Jan Elsen,Koenraad Van Balen,Gilles Mertens +2 more
- 01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: A comparison of the chemistry and mineralogy of currently available NHL2 and NHL5 limes indicate that there are no clear differences except for the amount of "undefined material" comprising an amorphous phase as mentioned in this paper.
80
Durability of ancient lime mortars in humid environment
TL;DR: In this paper, two case studies of historical buildings with important defence functions in Lisbon coast, in which ancient lime mortars where used under severe seaside environmental actions are characterized and the relationship of their composition with the good performance and high durability observed is discussed.
77
Properties of Roman bricks and mortars used in Serapis temple in the city of Pergamon
Özlem Aslan Özkaya,Hasan Böke +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics of bricks and mortars used in the Serapis temple have been determined in order to define the necessary characteristics of the intervention materials, which will be used in conservation works of the temple.
68
References
•Book
Chemistry and Technology of Lime and Limestone
Robert S. Boynton
- 01 Dec 1966
TL;DR: The ICCROM as discussed by the authors describes the formation and properties of limestone; exploration and extraction; processing and uses; and theory of calcination of lime; and methods of slaking of lime.
845
Microscopy of historic mortars—a review
TL;DR: In this article, optical microscopy is also used for damage diagnosis of degraded historic mortars and for the study of the interfacial zone, the bonding and possible reaction rims between aggregates, bricks or stone and the mortar.
365
Nineteenth century hydraulic restoration mortars in the Saint Michael's Church (Leuven, Belgium): Natural hydraulic lime or cement?
TL;DR: In this article, a historical study of old work descriptions and mineralogical, petrographical and chemical analyses have been used to characterize the hydraulic mortars used in the Saint Michael's Church in Leuven (Belgium).
203
The Vitruvian legacy: Mortars and binders before and after the Roman world
Gilberto Artioli,Michele Secco,Anna Addis +2 more
- 01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: A brief history of the nature, use and technology of binders in ancient constructions and buildings is outlined in this paper, including the apparent chronological discontinuities related to technological developments, and the role of mineralogy and mineral reactions is emphasized in terms of: (1) the preparation and manufacturing of the binding materials; (2) hardening process and the development of the physical properties of the binder; and (3) the archaeometric reconstruction of the ancient materials.
90
Hydraulicity in Historic Lime Mortars: A Review
Jan Elsen,Koenraad Van Balen,Gilles Mertens +2 more
- 01 Jan 2012
TL;DR: A comparison of the chemistry and mineralogy of currently available NHL2 and NHL5 limes indicate that there are no clear differences except for the amount of "undefined material" comprising an amorphous phase as mentioned in this paper.
80
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