Book Chapter10.1007/978-94-015-8394-7_2
Membrane Lipid Structure and Plant Function: What are The Relationships?
John Browse,Jonathan Lightner,Michele McConn +2 more
- 01 Jan 1995
- pp 9-14
6
TL;DR: Recent information about polyunsaturated lipid synthesis is summarized and two mutant lines of Arabidopsis that have expanded the understanding of the roles of lipids in plant biology are discussed.
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Abstract: Membranes are of central importance to all biology. Membranes not only define the limits of cells but also allow for the subcellular compartmentation of various biochemical functions. The ability to establish chemical potential gradients across membranes is essential to photosynthesis, the primary means of energy capture in the biosphere. Explaining membrane lipid diversity is a central problem of membrane biology. In plants, as well as in animals, membrane lipids are extremely heterogeneous in the molecular species present. However, our capacity to explain how the structure lipid molecules affects membrane function is very limited. In this paper we shall summarize recent information about polyunsaturated lipid synthesis and discuss two mutant lines of Arabidopsis that have expanded our understanding of the roles of lipids in plant biology.
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Citations
Cloning of Brassica napus CTP: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase cDNAs by complementation in a yeast cct mutant.
TL;DR: Four cDNAs for the cytidylyltransferase are isolated from a root cDNA library of Brassica napus by complementation in a yeast cct mutant and resemble rat and yeast enzymes in the central domain, consistent with a recent view that yeast cells contained a machinery for targeting the yeast cytidylltransferase to membranes.
40
The impact of alteration of polyunsaturated fatty acid levels on C6-aldehyde formation of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves.
TL;DR: Results indicate that C6-aldehyde formation is influenced by the alteration of C18 PUFA levels, and chloroplasts and glycolipids of chloroplast and extrachloroplast lipids may be the source or major source of C5-aldehydes formation in Arabidopsis leaves.
Expression of the Arabidopsis ADS1 gene in Brassica juncea results in a decreased level of total saturated fatty acids
Kening Yao,Roberto G. Bacchetto,Katherine M. Lockhart,Laurie J. Friesen,Derek A. Potts,Patrick S. Covello,David C. Taylor +6 more
TL;DR: Preliminary experimental data is provided suggesting that the Arabidopsis ADS1 encodes a fatty acid Delta9 desaturase and could be useful in genetic engineering for modifying the level of saturated fatty acids in oilseed crops.
29
Role of ω-3 fatty acid desaturases in the regulation of the level of trienoic fatty acids during leaf cell maturation
TL;DR: The results suggest that the plastid ω-3 desaturase plays a major role in increasing the levels of trienoic fatty acids with leaf maturation.
17
Characterization of δA9 Acyl-lipid Desaturase Homologues from Arabidopsis thaliana
Masako Fukuchi-Mizutani,Yasushi Tasaka,Yoshikazu Tanaka,Toshihiko Ashikari,Takaaki Kusumi,Norio Murata +5 more
TL;DR: Two cDNAs, ADS1 and ADS2, were isolated from Arabidopsis and encoded proteins homologous to delta 9 acyl-lipid desaturases of cyanobacteria and acol-CoA desaturase of yeast and mammals.
References
Arabidopsis FAD2 Gene Encodes the Enzyme That Is Essential for Polyunsaturated Lipid Synthesis
John Joseph Okuley,Jonathan Lightner,Kenneth A. Feldmann,Narendra S. Yadav,Ellen Lark,John Browse +5 more
TL;DR: Gel blot analyses of FAD2 mRNA levels showed that the gene is expressed throughout the plant and suggest that transcript levels are in excess of the amount needed to account for oleate desaturation.
822
Glycerolipid Synthesis: Biochemistry and Regulation
John Browse,Chris Somerville +1 more
- 01 Jan 1991
625
Map-based cloning of a gene controlling omega-3 fatty acid desaturation in Arabidopsis
Vincent Arondel,Bertrand Lemieux,Inhwan Hwang,Susan I. Gibson,Howard M. Goodman,Chris Somerville +5 more
TL;DR: A gene from the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana that encodes an omega-3 desaturase was cloned on the basis of the genetic map position of a mutation affecting membrane and storage lipid fatty acid composition.
618
Plant Lipids: Metabolism, Mutants, and Membranes
Chris Somerville,John Browse +1 more
TL;DR: The application of genetic engineering methods affords opportunities for researchers to apply knowledge gained about plant lipid metabolism toward enhanced use of plant oils as abundant and renewable sources of reduced carbon.
504
Arabidopsis mutants deficient in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis. Biochemical and genetic characterization of a plant oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine desaturase.
Martine Miquel,John Browse +1 more
TL;DR: The overall fatty acid composition of leaf lipids in a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana was characterized by reduced levels of polyunsaturated 18-carbon fatty acids and an increased proportion of oleate as a consequence of a single recessive nuclear mutation as discussed by the authors.
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