Melanin is required for the formation of the multi-cellular conidia in the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora
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TL;DR: It is reported here that conidia production, morphogenesis, integrity, germination and their viability in Pestalotiopsis microspora require the polyketide-derived melanin, and a targeted deletion mutant strain Δpks1 displayed a defect in pigmentation of conidia and had an albino colonial phenotype.
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About: This article is published in Microbiological Research. The article was published on 01 Oct 2015. and is currently open access. The article focuses on the topics: Pestalotiopsis microspora & Conidium.
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Citations
Functions of fungal melanin beyond virulence
TL;DR: A review of the various functions ascribed to this biological pigment in fungi and its remarkable physicochemical properties explores its capacity to interact with a wide range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies.
351
Distributions of fungal melanin across species and soils
TL;DR: Estimated melanin content of soil was positively correlated with total soil C and soil peroxidase activity, suggesting that fungal melanin may influence soil C cycling processes.
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A cryptic pigment biosynthetic pathway uncovered by heterologous expression is essential for conidial development in Pestalotiopsis fici.
Peng Zhang,Xiuna Wang,Aili Fan,Yanjing Zheng,Xingzhong Liu,Shihua Wang,Huixi Zou,Berl R. Oakley,Nancy P. Keller,Wen-Bing Yin +9 more
TL;DR: A polyketide synthase gene PfmaE is identified and deleted and showed that it is essential for multicellular conidial pigmentation and development in a plant endophytic fungus, Pestalotiopsis fici, and cement a growing understanding that pigments are essential not simply for protection of spores from biotic and abiotic stresses but also for spore structural development.
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Melanin production by a yeast strain XJ5-1 of Aureobasidium melanogenum isolated from the Taklimakan desert and its role in the yeast survival in stress environments
TL;DR: The yeast strain XJ5-1 isolated from the Taklimakan desert soil was identified to be a strain of Aureobasdium melanogenum and could produce a large amount of melanin when it was grown in the PDA medium, but its melanin biosynthesis and expression of the PKS gene responsible for the melaniniosynthesis was significantly repressed in the presence of (NH4)2SO4.
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TL;DR: Three additional discoveries have increased interest among plant pathologists in fungal melanins, including a new class of fungicides that prevent direct penetra tion of plant tissue by inhibiting melanin biosynthesis in appressorial cells.
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Fungal melanins: a review
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TL;DR: The relationship of polyketide melanogenesis molecular biology to that of nonmelanin-producing pathways in a wide range of fungi and other organisms is discussed and fungal melanin properties are compared with those of animal and bacterial melanins.
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BREAKING AND ENTERING: Host Penetration by the Fungal Rice Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe grisea
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TL;DR: The filamentous fungus Magnaporthe grisea can cause disease on many species of the grass (Poaceae) family, and its mechanism for breaching the formidable host surface barriers has been studied cytologically and genetically as a model for plant pathology, and represents a remarkably sophisticated achievement of nature.
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Taxol from Pestalotiopsis microspora, an endophytic fungus of Taxus wallachiana.
TL;DR: Pestalotiopsis microspora was isolated from the inner bark of a small limb of Himalayan yew, and was shown to produce taxol in mycelial culture, and spectroscopic and chromatographic comparisons with authentic taxol were identified.
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