Journal Article10.1002/JEZ.B.21153
Maternal control of pattern formation in Xenopus laevis.
Jody A. White,Janet Heasman +1 more
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TL;DR: The essential role of maternal factors in pattern formation for Xenopus laevis, focusing on VegT, Vg1, and Wnt11 is reviewed, with results from loss of function experiments demonstrating a clear requirement for these genes in germ layer specification, dorsal-ventral axis formation, and convergence extension.
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Abstract: We review the essential role of maternal factors in pattern formation for Xenopus laevis, focusing on VegT, Vg1, and Wnt11. Results from loss of function experiments demonstrate a clear requirement for these genes in germ layer specification, dorsal–ventral axis formation, and convergence extension. We also discuss these genes in the broader context of metazoan development, exploring whether and how their functions in the X. laevis model organism may or may not be conserved in other species. Wnt11 signaling in particular provides a classic example where understanding context in development is crucial to understanding function. Genomic sequencing, gene expression, and functional screening data that are becoming available in more species are providing invaluable aid to decoding and modeling signaling pathways. More work is needed to develop a comprehensive catalog of the Wnt signaling, T-box, and TGF-β genes in metazoans both near and far in evolutionary distance. We finally discuss some specific experimental and modeling efforts that will be needed to understand the behavior of these signaling networks in vivo so that we can interpret these critical pathways in an evolutionary framework. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 310B:73–84, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Citations
•Dissertation
Mesoderm induction in Ambystoma mexicanum, a urodele amphibian
Yi-Hsien Chen
- 15 Jul 2011
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Mix acts to induce Brachyury expression during mesoderm induction, supporting the hypothesis that the regulatory network in the axolotl is more closely related to that in amniotes rather than anuran amphibians.
5
Regional Specification of the Xenopus Lateral Plate Mesoderm
Steven J Deimling
- 01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a complex pattern of gene expression exists across the entire LPM shortly after gastrulation, much earlier than previously recognized.
5
Asymmetric Localization and Distribution of Factors Determining Cell Fate During Early Development of Xenopus laevis
TL;DR: The current knowledge about localization and distribution of cell fate determinants along the three body axes: animal-vegetal, dorsal-ventral, and left-right is presented.
4
The formation of the mesoderm in urodelean amphibians. 3. The vegetalizing action of the Li ion
P. D. Nieuwkoop
- 29 Sep 1970
TL;DR: It was concluded that the mesoderm arises as a result of an interaction between the pigmented, ectodermal and the unpigmented, endodermal ”halves“ of the egg, which initially constitute the only two components of the eggs.
4
Building the Future: Post-transcriptional Regulation of Cell Fate Decisions Prior to the Xenopus Midblastula Transition.
TL;DR: Post-transcriptional mechanisms that function during the maternal stages of Xenopus development are discussed with an emphasis on mechanisms known to directly modulate cell fate decisions.
3
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Wnt signaling: a common theme in animal development
Ken M. Cadigan,Roel Nusse +1 more
TL;DR: Current understanding of Wnt function and signaling mechanisms is reviewed in a comparative approach, highlighting novelty and underscoring questions that remain, and putting emphasis on the latest findings.
Control of β-Catenin Phosphorylation/Degradation by a Dual-Kinase Mechanism
Chunming Liu,Yiming Li,Mikhail V. Semenov,Chun Han,Gyeong Hun Baeg,Yi Tan,Zhuohua Zhang,Xinhua Lin,Xi He +8 more
TL;DR: This study uncovers distinct roles and steps of beta-catenin phosphorylation, identifies CKIalpha as a component in Wnt/beta- catenin signaling, and has implications to pathogenesis/therapeutics of human cancers and diabetes.
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Oogenesis in Xenopus laevis (Daudin). I. Stages of oocyte development in laboratory maintained animals.
TL;DR: Six stages of oocyte development in the anuran Xenopus laevis can be divided into six stages based on the anatomy of the developing oocyte, and these stages have been correlated with physiological and biochemical data related to oogenesis.
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Tunicates and not cephalochordates are the closest living relatives of vertebrates
TL;DR: It is shown that phylogenetic analyses of the genome sequencing of the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica provide compelling evidence that tunicates, and not cephalochordates, represent the closest living relatives of vertebrates.