Journal Article10.1056/NEJM200102083440601
Longitudinal assessment of neurocognitive function after coronary-artery bypass surgery.
Mark F. Newman,Jerry Kirchner,Barbara Phillips-Bute,Vincent Gaver,Hilary P. Grocott,Robert H. Jones,Daniel B. Mark,Joseph G. Reves,James A. Blumenthal +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of perioperative decline on long-term cognitive function after coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery was investigated in 261 patients who underwent CABG, and neurocognitive tests were performed preoperatively (at base line), before discharge, and six weeks, six months, and five years after the surgery.
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Abstract: Background Cognitive decline complicates early recovery after coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) and may be evident in as many as three quarters of patients at the time of discharge from the hospital and a third of patients after six months. We sought to determine the course of cognitive change during the five years after CABG and the effect of perioperative decline on long-term cognitive function. Methods In 261 patients who underwent CABG, neurocognitive tests were performed preoperatively (at base line), before discharge, and six weeks, six months, and five years after CABG surgery. Decline in postoperative function was defined as a drop of 1 SD or more in the scores on tests of any one of four domains of cognitive function. (A reduction of 1 SD represents a decline in function of approximately 20 percent.) Overall neurocognitive status was assessed with a composite cognitive index score representing the sum of the scores for the individual domains. Factors predicting long-term cognitive decline we...
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Two-Year Cognitive, Emotional, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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TL;DR: Cerebral microvascular pathology in ageing and neurodegeneration is a major concern in the field of neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology.
Neurodevelopmental status at eight years in children with dextro-transposition of the great arteries: the Boston Circulatory Arrest Trial.
David C. Bellinger,David C. Bellinger,David Wypij,Adre J. duPlessis,Adre J. duPlessis,Leonard Rappaport,Leonard Rappaport,Richard A. Jonas,Richard A. Jonas,Gil Wernovsky,Gil Wernovsky,Jane W. Newburger,Jane W. Newburger +12 more
TL;DR: Although mean scores on most outcomes were within normal limits, neurodevelopmental status in the cohort as a whole was below expectation in many respects, including academic achievement, fine motor function, visual-spatial skills, working memory, hypothesis generating and testing, sustained attention, and higher-order language skills.
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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha triggers a cytokine cascade yielding postoperative cognitive decline.
TL;DR: Peripheral blockade of TNF-α is able to limit the release of IL-1 and prevent neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in a mouse model of surgery-induced cognitive decline, suggesting a unique therapeutic potential for preemptive treatment with anti-TNF antibody to prevent surgery- induced cognitive decline.
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Depression as a risk factor for mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery.
James A. Blumenthal,Heather S. Lett,Michael A. Babyak,William D. White,Peter K. Smith,Daniel B. Mark,Robert H. Jones,Joseph P. Mathew,Mark F. Newman +8 more
TL;DR: Despite advances in surgical and medical management of patients after CABG, depression is an important independent predictor of death afterCABG and should be carefully monitored and treated if necessary.
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References
Adverse Cerebral Outcomes after Coronary Bypass Surgery
G W Roach,M Kanchuger,C M Mangano,Mark F. Newman,Nancy A. Nussmeier,Richard L. Wolman,A. Aggarwal,K. Marschall,Steven H. Graham,Catherine Ley +9 more
TL;DR: A multicenter study to determine the incidence and predictors of — and the use of resources associated with — perioperative adverse neurologic events, including cerebral injury, found patients with adverse cerebral outcomes had higher in-hospital mortality.
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Influence of Education and Occupation on the Incidence of Alzheimer's Disease
Yaakov Stern,Barry J. Gurland,Thomas K. Tatemichi,Ming-Xin Tang,David E. Wilder,Richard Mayeux +5 more
TL;DR: Increased educational and occupational attainment may reduce the risk of incident AD, either by decreasing ease of clinical detection of AD or by imparting a reserve that delays the onset of clinical manifestations.
The Role of APOE ∊4 in Modulating Effects of Other Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Elderly Persons
TL;DR: Most healthy elderly people did not experience cognitive decline and measures of subclinical CVD were modest predictors of cognitive decline, while high levels of atherosclerosis increased cognitive decline independently of APOE genotype.
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