Book Chapter10.1007/978-3-319-48912-4_7
Lithium in Older Age Bipolar Disorder
Soham Rej
- 01 Jan 2017
- pp 127-149
TL;DR: An overview of the epidemiology of these effects with an emphasis on geriatric data and potential mechanisms underlying these medical effects is provided, as well as guidance on lithium dosing and other strategies to minimize lithium-associated medical effects in older age bipolar disorder.
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Abstract: Lithium remains the gold-standard medication for bipolar disorder, with 30–40 % of older patients responding preferentially to its use. However, its use is limited by potential medical adverse effects. Medical effects include renal disease (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney disease), endocrine disease (hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus), neurological effects (delirium, dementia, and Parkinson’s disease), and other effects (e.g., dermatological effects). This chapter provides an overview of the epidemiology of these effects with an emphasis on geriatric data and potential mechanisms underlying these medical effects, as well as guidance on lithium dosing and other strategies to minimize lithium-associated medical effects in older age bipolar disorder.
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References
Disease-modifying properties of long-term lithium treatment for amnestic mild cognitive impairment: randomised controlled trial
Orestes Vicente Forlenza,Breno S. Diniz,Marcia Radanovic,Franklin Santana Santos,Leda Leme Talib,Wagner F. Gattaz +5 more
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TL;DR: The data available to date do not support earlier concerns that long-term lithium therapy could eventuate into renal insufficiency, and it is estimated that glomerular filtration rate was normal in 85% of unselected patients on chronic lithium therapy.
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Increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among psychiatric inpatients with bipolar I affective and schizoaffective disorders independent of psychotropic drug use.
William T. Regenold,Ramesh K. Thapar,Christopher Marano,Sridevi Gavirneni,Prasad V. Kondapavuluru +4 more
TL;DR: This first published study to show an increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among psychiatric patients with particular psychiatric illnesses independent of the effects of age, race, gender, medication, and body mass suggests an intrinsic relationship between abnormal glucose metabolism and bipolar I affective and schizoaffective disorders.
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TL;DR: Lithium treatment is associated with a decline in renal function, hypothyroidism, and hypercalcaemia, and women younger than 60 years and people with lithium concentrations higher than median are at greatest risk.
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A report on older-age bipolar disorder from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force
Martha Sajatovic,Sergio Strejilevich,Ariel G. Gildengers,Annemiek Dols,Rayan K. Al Jurdi,Rayan K. Al Jurdi,Brent P. Forester,Lars Vedel Kessing,John L. Beyer,Facundo Manes,Soham Rej,Soham Rej,Adriane R. Rosa,Adriane R. Rosa,Sigfried Schouws,Shang Ying Tsai,Shang Ying Tsai,Robert C. Young,Kenneth I. Shulman +18 more
TL;DR: In the coming generation, older adults with bipolar disorder (BD) will increase in absolute numbers as well as proportion of the general population.