Liquid-Phase Catalytic Processing of Biomass-Derived Oxygenated Hydrocarbons to Fuels and Chemicals
TL;DR: An overview of chemical catalytic transformations of biomass-derived oxygenated feedstocks (primarily sugars and sugar-alcohols) in the liquid phase to value-added chemicals and fuels, with specific examples emphasizing the development of catalytic processes based on an understanding of the fundamental reaction chemistry is given in this article.
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Abstract: Biomass has the potential to serve as a sustainable source of energy and organic carbon for our industrialized society. The focus of this Review is to present an overview of chemical catalytic transformations of biomass-derived oxygenated feedstocks (primarily sugars and sugar-alcohols) in the liquid phase to value-added chemicals and fuels, with specific examples emphasizing the development of catalytic processes based on an understanding of the fundamental reaction chemistry. The key reactions involved in the processing of biomass are hydrolysis, dehydration, isomerization, aldol condensation, reforming, hydrogenation, and oxidation. Further, it is discussed how ideas based on fundamental chemical and catalytic concepts lead to strategies for the control of reaction pathways and process conditions to produce H(2)/CO(2) or H(2)/CO gas mixtures by aqueous-phase reforming, to produce furan compounds by selective dehydration of carbohydrates, and to produce liquid alkanes by the combination of aldol condensation and dehydration/hydrogenation processes.
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![Figure 4. Overall carbon yield (YC) in the aqueous phase versus time for aldol condensation of HMF with acetone (molar ratio of 1:1) at 326 K in the presence of 5 wt% Pd/MgO-ZrO2 catalyst followed by hydrogenation at 393 K. (Adapted from Ref. [38].)](/figures/figure-4-overall-carbon-yield-yc-in-the-aqueous-phase-versus-33mdkr5w.webp)
Citations
Microwave Assisted Hydrolysis of Holocellulose Catalyzed with Sulfonated Char Derived from Lignin-Rich Residue
TL;DR: In this paper, a microwave assisted green process was developed for production of sugars through liquefying holocellulose catalyzed with sulfonated char derived from the lignin-rich residue produced during pretreatment of lignosulce.
Acid Catalysts Based on Mesoporous Aromatic Frameworks in Aldol Condensation of Furfural with Some Carbonyl Compounds
TL;DR: Aldol condensation of furfural with acetone and a series of aldehydes in the presence of PAF-SO3H acid catalyst based on mesoporous aromatic frameworks was studied in this article.
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Furfuryl vinyl ethers in [4+2]-cycloaddition reactions
Ludmila A. Oparina,Oksana V. Vysotskaya,Anton V. Stepanov,Igor A. Ushakov,K. A. Apartsin,Nina K. Gusarova,Boris A. Trofimov +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the first [4+2]-cycloaddition reactions were carried out between furfuryl vinyl ethers and typical dienophiles and heterodienes proceeding in uncatalyzed conditions.
4
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Synthesis of Transportation Fuels from Biomass: Chemistry, Catalysts, and Engineering
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the chemical properties and growth rates of biomass chemistry and growth rate, including the following: 4044 2.1. Biomass Chemistry and Growth Rates 4047 2.0.
Top Value Added Chemicals from Biomass: Volume I -- Results of Screening for Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas
Todd A Werpy,G. Petersen +1 more
- 01 Aug 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identified twelve building block chemicals that can be produced from sugar via biological or chemical conversions, and the twelve building blocks can be subsequently converted to a number of high-value bio-based chemicals or materials.
Production of dimethylfuran for liquid fuels from biomass-derived carbohydrates
TL;DR: This catalytic strategy for the production of 2,5-dimethylfuran from fructose (a carbohydrate obtained directly from biomass or by the isomerization of glucose) for use as a liquid transportation fuel may diminish the authors' reliance on petroleum.
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Liquid-phase catalytic processing of biomass-derived oxygenated hydrocarbons to fuels and chemicals.
TL;DR: An overview of chemical catalytic transformations of biomass-derived oxygenated feedstocks in the liquid phase to value-added chemicals and fuels is presented, with specific examples emphasizing the development of catalytic processes based on an understanding of the fundamental reaction chemistry.
Production of Liquid Alkanes by Aqueous-Phase Processing of Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates
TL;DR: Liquid alkanes with the number of carbon atoms ranging from C7 to C15 were selectively produced from biomass-derived carbohydrates by acid-catalyzed dehydration, which was followed by aldol condensation over solid base catalysts to form large organic compounds.