Life Ascending: Mechanism and Process in Physiological Adaptation to High-Altitude Hypoxia.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the sources of variation in birth weight at high altitude that may be related to ethnic group adaptation to the stresses of this hypoxic environment and concluded that ethnic group difference in pregnancy outcome reflects a better state of adaptation to high altitude in this healthy indigenous population and that long-term genetic selection may be the most plausible explanation for these ethnic differences.

TL;DR: High altitude respiration and SpO2 dataset for assessing human response to hypoxia provides a standardized resource for researchers to analyze and compare physiological responses to hypoxia at high altitudes.

TL;DR: A deep learning model using transfer learning accurately segments lungs and differentiates severe HAPE from normal cases, but struggles to identify intermediate grades, highlighting the challenges of domain shift and fine-grained radiographic assessment in rare disease diagnosis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that adaptive plasticity that places populations close enough to a new phenotypic optimum for directional selection to act is the only Plasticity that predictably enhances fitness and is most likely to facilitate adaptive evolution on ecological time-scales in new environments.

TL;DR: VO2max is an important variable that sets the upper limit for endurance performance (an athlete cannot operate above 100% VO2max, for extended periods).

TL;DR: Cases of countergradient variation offer unique insight into the mechanisms that produce and maintain phenotypic similarity and/or differences along environmental gradients.

TL;DR: A standard terminology is proposed to describe the different time domains of the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) and to promote integration of results from different experimental preparations and laboratories, primarily because short time domains are studied in the laboratory more easily.