Journal Article10.1007/BF00192244
Late Quaternary changes in surface water and deep water masses of the Nordic Seas and north-eastern North Atlantic: a review
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TL;DR: In this article, a detailed investigation by the Kiel research project SFB 313/132 summarized in this paper was carried out, which led to important new insights about late Quaternary changes in paleo-oceanography, climate and microfaunal habitats in the north-eastern North Atlantic and Nordic Seas.
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Abstract: Quantitative and semiquantitative proxy data based on more than 200 core-top samples and 100 deep-sea cores lead to important new insights about late Quaternary changes in paleo-oceanography, climate and microfaunal habitats in the north-eastern North Atlantic and Nordic Seas, insights resulting from a detailed investigation by the Kiel research project SFB 313/132 summarized in this paper. Planktonic foraminifera species provide reliable tracers of past sea surface temperatures and currents. The genus Beella in particular was found to trace subtropical water masses up to the far north. Benthic foraminifera species served as sensors of bottom currents and local flux rates of organic matter. New orders of time resolution are reached via stable isotope stratigraphy and accelerator mass spectrometry carbon-14 dating, allowing the identification of meltwater events lasting a few hundred years and shorter, a time range where, however, the yet unquantified role of bioturbation presents a growing problem. Based on this high-resolution stratigraphy a number of ‘time slices’ (synoptic time intervals) are defined to reconstruct the incursion of Atlantic water masses, to map paleocurrent patterns within the Nordic Seas and the north-eastern North Atlantic and to test alternative circulation models — for example, for the last glacial maximum (LGM) and various meltwater episodes. These are clearly coeval with Dansgaard-Oeschger events found in Greenland ice cores, with the actual cause of the flickering climate as yet unknown. Likewise, there is ongoing controversy about the extent of past sea-ice cover and about possible changes from the present anti-estuarine to estuarine mode of deep water exchange between the North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas during the LGM. South of Iceland, however, the history of deep water renewal over the last glacial cycle covering the last 30000 years was largely deciphered.
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Citations
Benthic foraminifera (Protista) as tools in deep-water palaeoceanography: environmental influences on faunal characteristics.
TL;DR: Despite often clear qualitative links between environmental and faunal parameters, the development of quantitative foraminiferal proxies remains problematic, particularly those concerning the calibration of proxies, the closely interwoven effects of oxygen and food availability, and the relationship between living assemblages and those preserved in the permanent sediment record.
485
Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history
Robert F Spielhagen,Robert F Spielhagen,Karl-Heinz Baumann,Helmut Erlenkeuser,Norbert R. Nowaczyk,Niels Nørgaard-Pedersen,Christoph Vogt,Dominik Weiel +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed deep-sea cores from the central Arctic Ocean, the Fram Strait, and the Yermak Plateau to reconstruct the history of marine paleoenvironment and terrestrial glaciation in the last 200,000 years.
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•Journal Article
Scaling percentages and distributional patterns of benthic Foraminifera with flux rates of organic carbon
Alexander Volker Altenbach,Uwe Pflaumann,Ralf Schiebel,Andrea Thies,Sven Timm,Martin H. Trauth +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, Wuellerstorfi et al. quantified flux rate dependent faunal patterns in surface sediments and compared the counts of benthic foraminifera at 382 surface sediment stations from the equatorial Guinea Basin to the Arctic Ocean.
268
Rapid changes in surface and deep water conditions at the Faeroe Margin during the last 58,000 years
TL;DR: A high-resolution piston core, ENAM93-21, from a water depth of 1020m near the Faeroe-Shetland Channel is investigated for variations in magnetic susceptibility, surface oxygen isotopes, grain size distribution, content of ice-rafted detritus (IRD), and distribution of planktonic and benthic foraminifera as discussed by the authors.
215
Bioturbational mixing depth and carbon flux at the seafloor
TL;DR: This article showed that the thickness of the bioturbated zone increases by 2 cm if food supply increases by 1 gCm-2yr-1 (r = 0.8), and this relationship between nutrient supply and benthic mixing can be used for a quantitative and time-variable unmixing procedure to improve high resolution stratigraphic correlations and paleoclimatic interpretations of deep-sea records.
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