Journal Article10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2014.01.011
Is elevated norepinephrine an etiological factor in some cases of schizophrenia
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TL;DR: The merits of the hypothesis that elevated noradrenergic signaling plays a causative role in schizophrenia are re-examines, including as it relates to some recently published studies.
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Abstract: A number of hypotheses have been put forth regarding the etiology of schizophrenia, including the dopamine hypothesis, NMDA receptor hypofunction hypothesis, and others. A lesser known theory is that elevated noradrenergic signaling plays a causative role in the disease. This paper briefly re-examines the merits of this hypothesis, including as it relates to some recently published studies. Several lines of evidence are investigated, including: endogenous level studies of norepinephrine (NE); modulation of the disease by noradrenergic drugs; association of the disease with bipolar disorder and hypertension, since these latter two conditions may involve elevated NE transmission; and effects of psychological stress on the disease, since stress can produce elevated release of NE. For many of these lines of evidence, their relationship with prepulse inhibition of startle is examined. A number of these studies support the hypothesis, and several suggest that elevated NE signaling plays a particularly prominent role in the paranoid subtype of schizophrenia. If the hypothesis is correct for some persons, conventional pharmaceutical treatment options, such as use of atypical antipsychotics (which may themselves modulate noradrenergic signaling), may be improved if selective NE transmission modulating agents are added to or even substituted for these conventional drugs.
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Citations
Locus Ceruleus Norepinephrine Release: A Central Regulator of CNS Spatio-Temporal Activation?
Marco Atzori,Roberto Cuevas-Olguin,Eric Esquivel-Rendon,Francisco Garcia-Oscos,Roberto Salgado-Delgado,Nadia Saderi,Marcela Miranda-Morales,Mario Treviño,Juan Carlos Pineda,Humberto Salgado +9 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that an increase in LC tonic activity promotes the emergence of four global states covering the whole spectrum of brain activation, which may lead to maladaptive plasticity, causing a variety of neuropsychiatric illnesses including depression, schizophrenic psychoses, anxiety disorders, and attention deficit.
Theranostic Biomarkers for Schizophrenia
Matea Nikolac Perkovic,Gordana Nedic Erjavec,Dubravka Švob Štrac,Suzana Uzun,Oliver Kozumplik,Nela Pivac +5 more
TL;DR: The development of the diagnostic, prognostic and theranostic biomarkers is an urgent and an unmet need in psychiatry with the aim of improving diagnosis, therapy monitoring, prediction of treatment outcome and focus on the personal medicine approach in order to improve the quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and decrease health costs worldwide.
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The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system and sensory signal processing: A historical review and current perspectives.
TL;DR: Evidence collected to date suggests that output from the brainstem locus coeruleus (LC)-NE system can modify task-related sensory signal processing and by so doing influence goal-directed behavioral responding.
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Local and Global Resting State Activity in the Noradrenergic and Dopaminergic Pathway Modulated by Reboxetine and Amisulpride in Healthy Subjects
TL;DR: Evidence is provided of how psychopharmacological agents alter local and global rs-activity within the respective neuroanatomical pathways in healthy subjects, which may help with interpreting data in psychiatric populations.
Neurochemicals, Behaviours and Psychiatric Perspectives of Neurological Diseases
Amarendranath Choudhury,Tripti Sahu,Praveena Lakshmi Ramanujam,Amit Kumar Banerjee,Indrajeet Chakraborty,Arun Kumar R,Neelima Arora +6 more
- 01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the reported behavioural anomalies with the supportive background from a neurochemical basis is presented, and the authors have concluded that behaviour centric studies could be used as a diagnostic tool for the early diagnosis of major neurological diseases such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Bipolar disorder, Schizophrenia, Impulse control disorder (ICD), and Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
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