Irena: tool suite for modeling and analysis of small-angle scattering

TL;DR: The usefulness of a new high-performance liquid chromatography/small-angle X-ray scattering (HPLC-SAXS) data analysis module within the multi-resolution modeling suite US-SOMO is illustrated with size-exclusion small-angle SXS data of a crude bovine serum albumin sample.

Abstract: The growth of the hydrogen economy is predicated on advancements in electrochemical energy technologies, with water electrolysis as a key component to the technological portfolio. Much of the focus on anode catalyst development for polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) is centered on activity as controlled by compositional and morphological impacts on reactant/intermediate/product adsorption. However, the effectiveness of this strategy is found to be limited upon integration of these materials into PEMWE membrane electrode assemblies (MEA). Regardless of catalyst activity, the combination of electrode inhomogeneity, ionomer integration, and high density of oxide–oxide interfaces yields significant performance losses associated with poor catalytic electrode conductivity. Here many of these limitations are addressed through the development of a unique catalyst morphology composed of nanoporous Ir nanosheets (npIrx‐NS) that exhibit high catalytic activity for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction and superior electrode electronic conductivity in comparison to a commercial IrO2 nanoparticle catalyst. The utility of the npIrx‐NS is demonstrated through incorporation into PEMWE MEAs where their performance exceeds that of commercial catalyst coated membranes at loadings as low as 0.06 mgIr cm−2 while exhibiting a negligible loss in performance following 50 000 accelerated stress test cycles.

TL;DR: It is suggested that there may be a different structural motif in skin compared with tendon, particularly ovine skin or leather, in which the diameter of the individual fibrils contributes less to strength than fibril alignment does.

TL;DR: In this paper, a thermal energy storage device based on CaCO3 was proposed for a range of applications, e.g. concentrated solar power plants, wind farms, photovoltaics, and excess grid energy.

TL;DR: A graphical interface has been developed to visualize and quickly reduce raw SANS and USANS data into one- or two-dimensional formats for interpretation, allowing users to contribute code and models for distribution to all users.

TL;DR: In this article, the equation of state and pair distribution for the Percus- Yevick integral equation for the radiai distribution function of a classical fluid are obtained in closed form for the prototype of interacting hard spheres.