Ionic Liquids-New "Solutions" for Transition Metal Catalysis.
Peter Wasserscheid,Wilhelm Keim +1 more
5.7K
TL;DR: There are indications that switching from a normal organic solvent to an ionic liquid can lead to novel and unusual chemical reactivity, which opens up a wide field for future investigations into this new class of solvents in catalytic applications.
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Abstract: Ionic liquids are salts that are liquid at low temperature (<100 degrees C) which represent a new class of solvents with nonmolecular, ionic character. Even though the first representative has been known since 1914, ionic liquids have only been investigated as solvents for transition metal catalysis in the past ten years. Publications to date show that replacing an organic solvent by an ionic liquid can lead to remarkable improvements in well-known processes. Ionic liquids form biphasic systems with many organic product mixtures. This gives rise to the possibility of a multiphase reaction procedure with easy isolation and recovery of homogeneous catalysts. In addition, ionic liquids have practically no vapor pressure which facilitates product separation by distillation. There are also indications that switching from a normal organic solvent to an ionic liquid can lead to novel and unusual chemical reactivity. This opens up a wide field for future investigations into this new class of solvents in catalytic applications.
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Citations
Supported ionic liquid catalysis--a new concept for homogeneous hydroformylation catalysis.
TL;DR: The new concept of supported ionic liquid catalysis involves the surface of a support material that is modified with a monolayer of covalently attached ionicLiquid fragments that serves as the reaction phase in which a homogeneous hydroformylation catalyst was dissolved.
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Ionic liquids: a brief history
TL;DR: In this article, a little of how interest in ionic liquids grew and developed is shown.
Transition-Metal Nanoparticles in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids: Recycable Catalysts for Biphasic Hydrogenation Reactions
Jairton Dupont,Gledison Fonseca,Alexandre P. Umpierre,Paulo Fernando Papaleo Fichtner,Sérgio R. Teixeira +4 more
TL;DR: Ir(0) nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 2 nm have been prepared by reduction of Ir(I) dissolved in the ionic liquid with H2 so that this catalytic solution can be reused several times for the biphasic hydrogenation of olefins under mild reaction conditions.
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Energetic nitrogen-rich salts and ionic liquids.
TL;DR: The use of nitrogen containing anions and cations contributes to high heats of formations and high densities as discussed by the authors, which makes them very promising candidates for highly energetic materials for industrial or military applications.
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Solvent-solute interactions in ionic liquids
TL;DR: In this article, a range of ionic liquids has been investigated using the Kamlet-Taft parameters α, β, and π*, and it was found that π* is high for all of the ionic liquid studied and varies with both anion and cation.
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