Ionic Liquids-New "Solutions" for Transition Metal Catalysis.
Peter Wasserscheid,Wilhelm Keim +1 more
5.7K
TL;DR: There are indications that switching from a normal organic solvent to an ionic liquid can lead to novel and unusual chemical reactivity, which opens up a wide field for future investigations into this new class of solvents in catalytic applications.
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Abstract: Ionic liquids are salts that are liquid at low temperature (<100 degrees C) which represent a new class of solvents with nonmolecular, ionic character. Even though the first representative has been known since 1914, ionic liquids have only been investigated as solvents for transition metal catalysis in the past ten years. Publications to date show that replacing an organic solvent by an ionic liquid can lead to remarkable improvements in well-known processes. Ionic liquids form biphasic systems with many organic product mixtures. This gives rise to the possibility of a multiphase reaction procedure with easy isolation and recovery of homogeneous catalysts. In addition, ionic liquids have practically no vapor pressure which facilitates product separation by distillation. There are also indications that switching from a normal organic solvent to an ionic liquid can lead to novel and unusual chemical reactivity. This opens up a wide field for future investigations into this new class of solvents in catalytic applications.
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Citations
Effect of Temperature, Anion, and Alkyl Chain Length on the Density and Refractive Index of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids
TL;DR: In this paper, the density and refractive index of 15 room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) grouped according to whether they had the same cation or anion have been measured at atmospheric pressure in a temperature range from 293.15 k to 343.15 K.
141
Microemulsions with an ionic liquid surfactant and room temperature ionic liquids as polar pseudo-phase.
TL;DR: The amphiphilic factor clearly demonstrated structural differences between the two systems confirming that the nature of the polar ionic liquid plays an important role on the rigidity of the interfacial film.
141
Electrochemical synthesis and in situ spectroelectrochemical characterization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) in room temperature ionic liquids
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrochemical synthesis and the charging-discharging reactions of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) in two room-temperature ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF 4 ) and 1 -butyl 3-methyl 3-dimethyl methyl hexafluorophosphate(BMIMPF 6 ) were studied with cyclic voltammetry, in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (
141
Ionic liquid [EMIM]OAc under ultrasonic irradiation towards the first synthesis of trisubstituted imidazoles
TL;DR: The ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate ([EMIM]OAc) was found to be a mild and effective catalyst for the efficient, one-pot, three-component synthesis of 2-aryl-4,5-diphenyl imidazoles at room temperature under ultrasonic irradiation.
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Identification of a haloalkaliphilic and thermostable cellulase with improved ionic liquid tolerance
Tao Zhang,Supratim Datta,Jerry Eichler,Natalia Ivanova,Seth D. Axen,Cheryl A. Kerfeld,Cheryl A. Kerfeld,Feng Chen,Nikos C. Kyrpides,Philip Hugenholtz,Philip Hugenholtz,Philip Hugenholtz,Jan Fang Cheng,Kenneth L. Sale,Blake A. Simmons,Eddy Rubin +15 more
TL;DR: Interestingly, the tolerances to heat, alkali and ILs are found to be salt-dependent, suggesting that the enzyme is stabilized by the presence of salt.
141
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Room temperature ionic liquids as novel media for ‘clean’ liquid–liquid extraction
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TL;DR: The partitioning of simple substituted-benzene derivatives between water and the room temperature ionic liquid, butylmethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, is based on the solutes' charged state or relative hydrophobicity as discussed by the authors.
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