Journal Article10.1111/PIN.12910
Invasive breast cancer: Current perspectives and emerging views.
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TL;DR: This article reviews conventional prognostic parameters, new histological entities, and updates on breast cancer classification, with inclusion of some genetic insights into breast cancer and the role of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
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Abstract: Invasive breast cancer constitutes a heterogeneous group of tumors. They comprise various histological types that differ in clinical presentation, imaging features, histopathological characteristics, biomarker profiles, prognostic and predictive parameters. The current classification of invasive breast cancer is based primarily on histopathological features. Invasive carcinoma of no special type accounts for the majority, with some rare entities also being described. With recent research and advances, there are emerging concepts, including new genetic insights of invasive breast cancer and the role of the stromal microenvironment. With greater understanding of the pathogenesis of invasive breast cancer, changes based on the correlation of histologic and genetic findings have been incorporated in the latest World Health Organization classification of breast tumors. Medullary carcinomas are subsumed as invasive carcinoma of no special type with basal-like and medullary features, regarded as part of the spectrum of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte-rich breast cancers. Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity is proposed as a distinct entity in recognition of unique IDH2 mutations. This article reviews conventional prognostic parameters, new histological entities, and updates on breast cancer classification, with inclusion of some genetic insights into breast cancer and the role of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
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Citations
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Correlation Analysis of Pathological Features and Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer
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IDH2 Mutations Define a Unique Subtype of Breast Cancer with Altered Nuclear Polarity.
Sarah Chiang,Britta Weigelt,Huei Chi Wen,Fresia Pareja,Ashwini Raghavendra,Luciano G. Martelotto,Kathleen A. Burke,Thais Basili,Anqi Li,Felipe C Geyer,Salvatore Piscuoglio,Charlotte K.Y. Ng,Achim A. Jungbluth,Jörg Balss,Stefan Pusch,Gabrielle M. Baker,Kimberly Cole,Andreas von Deimling,Julie M. Batten,Jonathan D. Marotti,Hwei Choo Soh,Benjamin L. McCalip,Jonathan Serrano,Raymond S. Lim,Kalliopi P. Siziopikou,Song Lu,Xiaolong Liu,Tarek Hammour,Edi Brogi,Matija Snuderl,A. John Iafrate,Jorge S. Reis-Filho,Stuart J. Schnitt +32 more
TL;DR: Functional studies demonstrated that IDH2 and PIK3CA hotspot mutations are likely drivers of SPCRP, resulting in its reversed nuclear polarization phenotype, and offered a molecular definition of S PCRP as a distinct breast cancer subtype.