Journal Article10.1111/1467-937X.00253
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation
Roland Bénabou,Jean Tirole +1 more
TL;DR: The authors show that performance incentives offered by an informed principal can adversely affect an agent's perception of the task, or of his own abilities, and also study the effects of empowerment, help and excuses on motivation, as well as situations of ego bashing reflecting a battle for dominance within a relationship.
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Abstract: A central tenet of economics is that individuals respond to incentives. For psychologists and sociologists, in contrast, rewards and punishments are often counterproductive, because they undermine "intrinsic motivation". We reconcile these two views, showing how performance incentives offered by an informed principal (manager, teacher, parent) can adversely impact an agent's (worker, child) perception of the task, or of his own abilities. Incentives are then only weak reinforcers in the short run, and negative reinforcers in the long run. We also study the effects of empowerment, help and excuses on motivation, as well as situations of ego bashing reflecting a battle for dominance within a relationship.
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Individual and Collective Reputation: Lessons from the Wine Market
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Did the Decline in Social Capital Decrease American Happiness? A Relational Explanation of the Happiness Paradox
TL;DR: The authors showed that the inclusion of social capital does improve the account of reported happiness and provided evidence of a decline in social capital indicators for the period 1975-2004, confirming Putnam's claim.
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Long Run Effects of Temporary Incentives on Medical Care Productivity
TL;DR: The effects of temporary financial incentives paid to medical care clinics for the initiation of prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy are examined to suggest that temporary incentives may be effective at motivating improvements in long-run provider performance at a substantially lower cost than permanent incentives.
Long-term effects of payments for environmental services: Combining insights from communication and economics
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present and apply a model that integrates perspectives from economics and communication sciences to address the question of what happens to pro-environmental behavior after the introduction and then the withdrawal of payment for environmental services.
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Repenser le travail et ses régulations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors interroge les debats contemporains on le travail and discuss the role of mediations sociales, du Droit, and des protections collectives dans l'institutionnalisation de la transaction d'emploi.
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