Inter-System Differencing between GPS and BDS for Medium-Baseline RTK Positioning
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TL;DR: Experimental results show that with the inter-system differencing model, the accuracy and reliability of RTK positioning can be effectively improved, especially for the obstructed environments with a small number of satellites available.
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Abstract: An inter-system differencing model between two Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) enables only one reference satellite for all observations. If the associated differential inter-system biases (DISBs) are priori known, double-differenced (DD) ambiguities between overlapping frequencies from different GNSS constellations can also be fixed to integers. This can provide more redundancies for the observation model, and thus will be beneficial to ambiguity resolution (AR) and real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning. However, for Global Positioning System (GPS) and the regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2), there are no overlapping frequencies. Tight combination of GPS and BDS needs to process not only the DISBs but also the single-difference ambiguity of the reference satellite, which is caused by the influence of different frequencies. In this paper, we propose a tightly combined dual-frequency GPS and BDS RTK positioning model for medium baselines with real-time estimation of DISBs. The stability of the pseudorange and phase DISBs is analyzed firstly using several baselines with the same or different receiver types. The dual-frequency ionosphere-free model with parameterization of GPS-BDS DISBs is proposed, where the single-difference ambiguity is estimated jointly with the phase DISB parameter from epoch to epoch. The performance of combined GPS and BDS RTK positioning for medium baselines is evaluated with simulated obstructed environments. Experimental results show that with the inter-system differencing model, the accuracy and reliability of RTK positioning can be effectively improved, especially for the obstructed environments with a small number of satellites available.
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Citations
Multi-GNSS inter-system biases: estimability analysis and impact on RTK positioning
TL;DR: The SD method has the advantage that it can be used to flexibly estimate ISB for both overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies and thus can be better applied for real-time kinematic positioning than the DD method.
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Inter-system PPP ambiguity resolution between GPS and BeiDou for rapid initialization
TL;DR: This work proposes to estimate station-specific inter- system phase biases (ISPBs) and then form resolvable ambiguities between, instead of within, GNSS (i.e., inter-system PPP-AR) aiming at providing one more ambiguity candidate for more efficient partial AR.
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Studying Ionosphere Responses to a Geomagnetic Storm in June 2015 with Multi-Constellation Observations
TL;DR: This research has discussed ionosphere responses to geomagnetic storms with multi- GNSS data provided and has analyzed the availability of multi-GNSS observations to investigate ionosphere irregularity climatology and the proposed work is valuable for further investigation of GNSS performances under geom magnetic storms.
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On the temperature sensitivity of multi-GNSS intra- and inter-system biases and the impact on RTK positioning
TL;DR: By pre-calibrating and modeling of the biases for the baselines at hand, the empirical success rates and positioning performance can be significantly improved when compared to classical and inter-system differencing, with both models assuming time-invariant receiver DCBs, DPBs and ISBs.
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On the Applicability of Galileo FOC Satellites with Incorrect Highly Eccentric Orbits: An Evaluation of Instantaneous Medium-Range Positioning
TL;DR: The study revealed that the Galileo satellites with incorrect orbits were fully usable in most geodetic, surveying and many other post-processed applications and may be beneficial especially for positioning during obstructed visibility of satellites.
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