Journal Article10.1038/NRN1323
Insights into the ageing mind: a view from cognitive neuroscience.
Trey Hedden,John D. E. Gabrieli +1 more
TL;DR: Much remains unknown about how normal ageing affects the neural basis of cognition, but recent research on individual differences in the trajectory of ageing effects is helping to distinguish normal from pathological origins of age-related cognitive changes.
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Abstract: As we grow older, we may grow wiser, but we can also experience memory loss and cognitive slowing that can interfere with our daily routines. The cognitive neuroscience of human ageing, which relies largely on neuroimaging techniques, relates these cognitive changes to their neural substrates, including structural and functional changes in the prefrontal cortex, medial temporal lobe regions and white matter tracts. Much remains unknown about how normal ageing affects the neural basis of cognition, but recent research on individual differences in the trajectory of ageing effects is helping to distinguish normal from pathological origins of age-related cognitive changes.
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Citations
Sustained Attention Across the Life Span in a Sample of 10,000 Dissociating Ability and Strategy
Francesca C. Fortenbaugh,Joseph DeGutis,Laura Germine,Jeremy Wilmer,Mallory Grosso,Kathryn Russo,Michael Esterman +6 more
TL;DR: It is found that after the age of 15 years, the strategy and ability trajectories saliently diverge, and strategy becomes monotonically more conservative with age, whereas ability peaks in the early 40s and is followed by a gradual decline in older adults.
The hippocampus and imagining the future: where do we stand?
TL;DR: This review considers the findings from patient studies and the neuroimaging literature with respect to a new framework that highlights three component processes of simulation: accessing episodic details, recombining details, and encoding simulations and suggests that different component process of future simulation may be differentially affected by hippocampal damage.
Entorhinal Tau Pathology, Episodic Memory Decline, and Neurodegeneration in Aging
Anne Maass,Samuel N. Lockhart,Theresa M. Harrison,Rachel K. Bell,Taylor J. Mellinger,Kaitlin N. Swinnerton,Suzanne L. Baker,Gil D. Rabinovici,Gil D. Rabinovici,William J. Jagust,William J. Jagust +10 more
TL;DR: Using tau-specific and Aβ-specific positron emission tomography tracers, it is shown that in vivo MTL tau pathology is associated with episodic-memory performance and MTL atrophy in cognitively normal adults, independent of Aβ.
259
Physical activity and memory functions: are neurotrophins and cerebral gray matter volume the missing link?
Agnes Flöel,Ruth Ruscheweyh,Karsten Krüger,C. Willemer,Bernward Winter,Klaus Völker,Hubertus Lohmann,M. Zitzmann,Frank-Christoph Mooren,Caterina Breitenstein,Stefan Knecht +10 more
TL;DR: It is found that physical activity, but not cardiovascular fitness, was associated with better memory encoding after controlling for age, sex, education, depression, alcohol consumption, and smoking, indicating that even low-level physical activity exerts beneficial effects on memory functions in older individuals.
255
Exercise, Fitness, and Neurocognitive Function in Older Adults: The “Selective Improvement” and “Cardiovascular Fitness” Hypotheses
TL;DR: Aerobic exercise in older adults can have a beneficial effect on the performance of speeded tasks that rely heavily on executive control, and improvements in aerobic fitness do not appear to be a prerequisite for this beneficial effect.
251
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