Innate immunity: impact on the adaptive immune response

TL;DR: Elevated levels of CRP and IL-6 predict the development of type 2 DM, and data support a possible role for inflammation in diabetogenesis.

TL;DR: This work has shown that activation of inflammatory and antimicrobial innate immune responses through recognition of Toll-like receptors expressed on dendritic cells triggers functional maturation of dendrites and leads to initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses.

TL;DR: Oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG ODN enhance the development of acquired immune responses for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination and protect against lethal challenge with a wide variety of pathogens.

TL;DR: Characterization of the nonclonal receptors of the innate immune system responsible for the adjuvant activity, and, evidently, for the associated side effects, would provide a powerful alternative approach, which would ultimately allow one to target these receptors directly.

TL;DR: These studies show that separate delivery of these two signals is at least 80-fold less efficient than their combined delivery by one cell, which may explain why tissues can express autoantigens and contain active antigen-presenting cells without inducing autoimmunity.

TL;DR: Binding studies were carried out with human U937 cells and a rabbit IgG anti-Id that recognizes epitopes on monocyte beta-glucan receptors to characterize their structure, and affinity-purified proteins from detergent lysed human monocytes were characterized by immunoblot analysis and found to be identical to U 937 cell beta- GLUCan receptors.

TL;DR: This is the first study to demonstrate that human macrophage cell surface lectin recognizes Tn Ag, a well-known human carcinoma-associated epitope.

TL;DR: The bactericidal/permeability increasing protein is a major element in the host defense against Gram-negative bacteria and endotoxin, acting intracellularly in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte.