Journal Article10.1088/0031-9155/58/15/R131
In vivo proton range verification: a review
TL;DR: In this review, state-of-the art in vivo proton range verification methods currently being proposed, developed or clinically implemented are described and compared.
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Abstract: Protons are an interesting modality for radiotherapy because of their well defined range and favourable depth dose characteristics. On the other hand, these same characteristics lead to added uncertainties in their delivery. This is particularly the case at the distal end of proton dose distributions, where the dose gradient can be extremely steep. In practice however, this gradient is rarely used to spare critical normal tissues due to such worries about its exact position in the patient. Reasons for this uncertainty are inaccuracies and non-uniqueness of the calibration from CT Hounsfield units to proton stopping powers, imaging artefacts (e.g. due to metal implants) and anatomical changes of the patient during treatment. In order to improve the precision of proton therapy therefore, it would be extremely desirable to verify proton range in vivo, either prior to, during, or after therapy. In this review, we describe and compare state-of-the art in vivo proton range verification methods currently being proposed, developed or clinically implemented.
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Citations
Towards using secondary gamma-rays from proton-induced radioactivation of titanium implants for off-line field verification
Claus Maximilian Bäcker,Christian Bäumer,Aaron Bley,Pedro Fragoso Costa,Marcel Gerhardt,Ken Herrmann,Samantha Kauer,Kevin Kröninger,Christian Nitsch,Hilda Milani Siregar,Beate Timmermann,Nico Verbeek,Jens Weingarten,Jörg Wulff,Azad Yazgan +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the radioactivation of titanium during proton therapy using a low-level gamma-ray spectrometry system at the Dortmund Low Background Facility (DLBF).
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Secondary radiation measurements for particle therapy applications: Charged secondaries produced by 16O ion beams in a PMMA target at large angles.
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TL;DR: First yield measurements of protons, deuterons and tritons produced in the interaction of an 16O beam impinging on a PMMA target, as a function of detected energy and particle production position are reported.
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