Journal Article10.1037/1064-1297.5.3.256
Impulsive and self-control choices in opioid-dependent patients and non-drug-using control patients: Drug and monetary rewards.
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TL;DR: Opioid-dependent participants discounted delayed monetary rewards significantly more than did non-drug-using participants, and opioid-dependent Participants discounted delayed heroin significantly more more than delayed money.
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Abstract: Delay discounting was investigated in opioid-dependent and non-drug-using control participants. The latter participants were matched to the former on age, gender, education, and IQ. Participants in both groups chose between hypothetical monetary rewards available either immediately or after a delay. Delayed rewards were $1,000, and the immediate-reward amount was adjusted until choices reflected indifference. This procedure was repeated at each of 7 delays (1 week to 25 years). Opioid-dependent participants were given a second series of choices between immediate and delayed heroin, using the same procedures (i.e., the amount of delayed heroin was that which could be purchased with $1,000). Opioid-dependent participants discounted delayed monetary rewards significantly more than did non-drug-using participants. Furthermore opioid-dependent participants discounted delayed heroin significantly more than delayed money.
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Citations
Impulsivity as a determinant and consequence of drug use: a review of underlying processes
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed data from controlled studies investigating different measures of impulsive behaviors, including delay discounting, behavioral inhibition and a newly proposed measure of inattention, and found that drugs of abuse alter performance across independent behavioral measures of impulsivity.
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